Hereditary defects of the conotruncal septum in keeshond dogs: Pathologic and genetic studies

Patterson, Donald F.; Pyle, R. Lee; Mierop, L. Van De; Melbin, Julius; Olson, Marcia

doi:10.1016/0002-9149(74)90198-2

Cited by 87 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Veterinary cardiologists have appreciated the importance of genetics in the development of cardiac diseases since the early 1970s [1][2][3][4][5] . Although the true prevalence of heart disease in dogs is unknown, two independent studies completed 30 years apart suggest that approximately 11% of canine patients presenting for evaluation at large veterinary hospitals have cardiac disease 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding cardiovascular disease genes in the dog

Parker

Meurs

Ostrander

2006

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

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Recent advances in canine genomics are changing the landscape of veterinary biology, and by default, veterinary medicine. No longer are clinicians locked into traditional methods of diagnoses and therapy. Rather major advances in canine genetics and genomics from the past five years are now changing the way the veterinarian of the 21 st century practices medicine.First, the availability of a dense genome map gives canine genetics a much needed foothold in comparative medicine, allowing advances made in human and mouse genetics to be applied to companion animals. Second, the recently released 7.5x whole genome sequence of the dog is facilitating the identification of hereditary disease genes. Finally, development of genetic tools for rapid screening of families and populations at risk for inherited disease means that the cost of identifying and testing for disease loci will significantly decrease in coming years.Out of these advances will come major changes in companion animal diagnostics and therapy. Clinicians will be able to offer their clients genetic testing and counseling for a myriad of disorders. Such advances are certain to generate healthier and more long lived dogs, improving quality of life for owner and pet alike. The clinician of the 21 st century, therefore, faces incredible opportunities as well as challenges in the management of genetic disease. In this review we summarize recent findings in canine genomics and discuss their application to the study of canine cardiac health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding cardiovascular disease genes in the dog

Parker

Meurs

Ostrander

2006

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

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“…The F l showed various abnormalities irrespective of maternity, suggesting that either intrauterine environment or cytoplasmic inheritance does not participate in the anomalous development. An independent paternal contribution to the development of tetralogy of Fallot and membranous VSD has been demonstrated in Keeshond dogs and Long-Evans rats (10,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Chromosomal analysis of 31 WKY fetuses revealed no abberations specifically related to the development of cardiovascular malformations. (Pediatr Res 30: 227-231, 1991) Abbreviations PV, pulmonary valve PA, pulmonary artery VSD, ventricular septal defect F1, first generation hybrids VFW, ventricular free wall G, day of gestation A, day after birth occurrence in humans (1 -9) and animals (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The aspects of genetic participation are chromosomal aberrations (1,2,(19)(20)(21)(22), single gene Mendelian inheritance (1, 2, 6-9), or polygenic inheritance in which multiple genes with equal and small effect act additively (10, 1 1).…”

Section: Department Ofanatomy[tku Yz] Department Ofmedicine[mtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hereditary Transmission of Tetralogy of Fallot, Cardiac Hypertrophy, and Anomalies of Great Vessels in WKY/NCrj Rats

et al. 1991

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“…Absence of the conus papillary muscle and a persistent fusion line of the conotruncal septum have been previously reported in dogs forming part of the complex anomalies of the conotruncal septum. 17 The hemodynamic consequences in patients with CA are similar to those seen with many large atrial septal defects and are predominantly left to right shunting. 5 Although because of the absence of a septum more tendency exists towards mixing of the venous return in CA than with simple atrial septal defects, the predominant direction of the shunting is determined by the status of the atrioventricular valves and the relative compliances of the right and left ventricles.…”

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confidence: 94%

Common Atrium in a Dog

Palacio

Costa

Talavera

et al. 2001

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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A 4-month-old 2.7-kg male Miniature Schnauzer was referred for evaluation of a heart murmur. On physical examination the dog was thin and was mildly dyspneic when handled. The respiratory rate was 45 breaths/min and the heart rate was 180 beats/min. The patient's mucous membranes were slightly pale with a normal capillary refill time. The jugular veins were distended but no abdominal enlargement was present. Thoracic auscultation revealed accentuated bronchovesicular sounds, and a grade V/VI pansystolic murmur with a point of maximal intensity at the left sternal border. A 6-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrated a left anterior fascicular block pattern. Thoracic radiographs (Fig 1) revealed severe generalized cardiomegaly.The interatrial septum was not evident on the standard long-and short-axis right parasternal views during echocardiographic examination, suggesting a single atrial chamber (Fig 2). The septal leaflets of the atrioventricular valves inserted at the same level on the crest of the ventricular septum, and the motion of the mitral valve leaflets was abnormal. An echolucent space between the left atrium and the pericardium was interpreted to be a dilated coronary sinus (Fig 2). M-mode measurements revealed that the right ventricular internal diameter in diastole was 11 mm (reference range, 2-9 mm), 1 left ventricular internal diameter in diastole was 36.0 mm (reference range, 24.6 Ϯ 6.2 mm), 2 the left ventricular internal diameter in systole was 21.5 mm (reference range, 13.6 Ϯ 5.5 mm), 2 the left ventricular diastolic wall thickness was 7.4 mm (reference range, 5.0 Ϯ 2.1 mm), 2 the left ventricular systolic wall thickness was 11.4 mm (reference range, 7.2 Ϯ 1.7 mm), 2 the interventricular septal diastolic thickness was 9.1 mm (reference range, 5.8 Ϯ 2.1 mm), 2 the interventricular septal systolic thickness was 14.7 mm (reference range 9.8 Ϯ 2.6 mm), 2 E-point septal separation was 1.1 mm (normal Ͻ5-6 mm), 2 aortic root at end-diastole was 10.6 mm (reference range, 13.8 Ϯ 3.6 mm), 2 and shortening fraction was 40.4% (normal 28-44%). 2 Color-flow mapping and spectral Doppler echocardiography revealed mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonic regurgitation. The pulmonic blood flow velocities (pulsedwave Doppler echocardiography) recorded from right parasternal short-axis view were maximum peak systolic velocity 0.87 m/s (normal Յ 1.3 m/s) 3 and pulmonic regurgitation 1.8 m/s. The mitral valve flow velocities (pulsed-wave The direction of the shunting into the common atrial chamber could not be accurately determined because of the turbulent jets of mitral and tricuspid regurgitation and the atrial chamber inflow. After a right cephalic vein injection of 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl, bubbles were seen within the atrial chamber. When 5 mL of saline was injected into the left cephalic vein, bubbles were seen in the coronary sinus and then in the atrial chamber, suggesting a persistent left cranial vena cava. Results of a CBC and serum chemistry were within reference range.A tentative diagnosis of a common atrial chamber ...

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Hereditary defects of the conotruncal septum in keeshond dogs: Pathologic and genetic studies

Cited by 87 publications

References 24 publications

Finding cardiovascular disease genes in the dog

Finding cardiovascular disease genes in the dog

Hereditary Transmission of Tetralogy of Fallot, Cardiac Hypertrophy, and Anomalies of Great Vessels in WKY/NCrj Rats

Common Atrium in a Dog

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