Hereditary Variance: Mating Designs

Hallauer, Arnel R.; Filho, J. B. Miranda; Carena, M. J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0766-0_4

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The high genetic variance observed for grain yield in the C 3 under both research conditions indicated that there was probably genetic variability for most of the traits assayed to facilitate the response to continued selection for improvement of yield in the population. This might have resulted from the selection of desirable genes for both tolerance to drought and improved performance under optimal conditions at particular loci of the S 1 lines as influenced by factors such as the recombination rate, selection intensity, mutation rate, genetic drift, the mating systems, population structure, and genetic linkage (Hallauer and Miranda, 1988). In addition, the high genetic variation for grain yield in the C 3 correlated with a moderately high broad-sense heritability estimate compared with C 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have shown that dominance and additive genetic effects were equally important in the inheritance of yield in temperate maize populations, whereas additive genetic effects were more important for other measured traits (Hallauer and Miranda, 1988;Han and Hallauer, 1989;Wolf et al, 2000). Similarly, Silva et al (2004) investigated genetic variance in tropical maize populations and indicated that even though the magnitude of dominance and additive effects are specific for populations, they may differ depending on the dominance and additive gene action of the segregating loci.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Variances and Heritabilities of Traits of an Early Yellow Maize Population after Cycles of Improvement for Striga Resistance and Drought Tolerance

et al. 2018

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Drought and Striga are principal constraints to maize (Zea mays L.) production in sub‐Saharan Africa. An early yellow maize population, TZE‐Y Pop DT STR, which had undergone five cycles of selection for resistance to Striga, followed by three cycles of improvement for drought tolerance, was investigated for yield gains, changes in genetic variance, and interrelationships among traits under drought stress and optimum environments. Two hundred and forty S1 lines comprising 60 each from the base population and subsequent populations from three selection cycles improved for grain yield and drought tolerance were assessed under drought and optimal environments in Nigeria from 2010 to 2012. Genetic improvements in grain yield of 423 and 518 kg ha−1 cycle−1 were achieved under drought stress and optimal environments. Predicted improvements in selection for yield were 348 and 377 kg ha−1 cycle−1 under drought stress and optimum environments, respectively. The highest yield observed in C3 was accompanied by reduced days to silking and anthesis–silking interval, improved plant aspect and ear aspect, and increased plant height and ears per plant across research environments, as well as improved stay‐green characteristic under drought. The level of genetic variability for yield and a few other traits were maintained under drought and optimal environments in the population. The presence of residual genetic variability for yield and other assayed traits in C3 indicated that progress could be made from future selection in the population depending on the ability of breeders to identify outstanding genotypes and the precision level of experimentation. Substantial improvement has been made in yield and drought tolerance in C3 of the population.

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Variances and Heritabilities of Traits of an Early Yellow Maize Population after Cycles of Improvement for Striga Resistance and Drought Tolerance

et al. 2018

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“…Diallel mating designs are commonly used to determine gene action for quantitative traits (Hayman 1954;Hallauer et al 2010). Two parameters normally calculated from such studies include general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA).…”

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Combining ability and heterosis for yield and drought tolerance traits under managed drought stress in sweetpotato

et al. 2014

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Drought is among sweetpotato production constraints in sub-Saharan Africa. Two studies were conducted on 15 F 1 sweetpotato families (G1-G15) generated using a half-diallel mating scheme of six parents. The first experiment was conducted at Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Kiboko, using split plot design under drought stress and no drought stress replicated twice and repeated thrice between January 2012 and June 2013. The second study was conducted in the screen house at KARI, Muguga using randomized complete block design. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for storage root yield (FSR), total biomass (BIO), harvest index (HI), marketable number of storage roots (MNR) and root dry matter (%RDM) were significant (P B 0.05) under both conditions. GCA/SCA ratio for FSR, HI, and %RDM under both conditions, ranged 0.51-0.76, thus, additive gene effects were more important than non-additive genes effects. G15, G5 and G7 had the highest significant (P B 0.05) FSR SCA effects under drought stress while G15, G7, and G12 had the highest under no drought stress. Progenies G8-8, G15-5 and G15-8, had the highest FSR mid and best parent heterosis ranging 117.8-269.6 % under drought. Drought susceptible parents P3, P4 and P5 had the highest yielding crosses under drought,which were also high yielding under no drought [G15 (P3 9 P5) and G5 (P4 9 P5)]. Thus, these parents probably were carriers of the drought tolerant genes (heterozygous recessive). This suggests that the drought tolerance alleles could be homozygous recessive, which may be confirmed in further studies.

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“…Among the several products from this program were two extra‐early maturing Striga resistant populations [one white (TZEE‐W Pop STR) and the other yellow (TZEE‐Y Pop STR)] that appeared outstanding. It was desirable to continue upgrading the genetic potential of the two populations through recurrent selection, which has been used effectively by several workers to improve breeding populations (Sprague and Eberhart, 1977; Hallauer and Miranda, 1988; Schnicker and Lamkey, 1993; Menkir and Kling, 2007; Badu‐Apraku et al, 2007, 2008a). The two populations have undergone four cycles of S 1 recurrent selection under artificial Striga infestation and noninfested conditions at two or three locations in each cycle.…”

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Improvement of Yield and other Traits of Extra‐Early Maize under Stress and Nonstress Environments

et al. 2009

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Striga, drought, and low soil fertility constrain maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in West and Central Africa (WCA). Two Striga‐resistant extra‐early populations, TZEE‐W Pop STR (white) and TZEE‐Y Pop STR (yellow) were improved by four cycles of S1 recurrent selection, and the products were evaluated in field trials in Nigeria from 2005 to 2007. The objective was to assess progress in improvements for grain yield, Striga resistance, and other traits when Striga‐free, Striga‐infested, and under low‐ and high‐N management. Under Striga infestation, yield gain from C0 to C4 was 136 kg ha−1 for the yellow population and 71 kg ha−1 cycle−1 for the white. The yield gain in advanced cycles of selection in the yellow population was associated with decreases in Striga emergence at 8 and 10 wk after planting (WAP) and Striga damage at 8 WAP, while that of the white was accompanied by increased days to silking (DS) and ears per plant (EPP) as well as a decrease in Striga emergence at 8 WAP. Under Striga‐free conditions, yield gain from C0 to C4 was 164 kg ha−1 cycle−1 for the white and 221 kg ha−1 cycle−1 for the yellow. The yield gain in advanced cycles of selection was more pronounced under high‐N (157 kg ha−1 cycle−1) than low‐N conditions (144 kg ha−1 cycle−1) in the yellow, and higher under low N than high‐N conditions in the white. Selection in the yellow was accompanied by increased days to anthesis (DA) and DS, plant and ear heights under low N and increased DS under high N. In the white, selection induced increased DA, ear height, and decreased anthesis–silking interval (ASI).

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Hereditary Variance: Mating Designs

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Genetic Variances and Heritabilities of Traits of an Early Yellow Maize Population after Cycles of Improvement for Striga Resistance and Drought Tolerance

Genetic Variances and Heritabilities of Traits of an Early Yellow Maize Population after Cycles of Improvement for Striga Resistance and Drought Tolerance

Combining ability and heterosis for yield and drought tolerance traits under managed drought stress in sweetpotato

Improvement of Yield and other Traits of Extra‐Early Maize under Stress and Nonstress Environments

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