Heritability and Etiology: Heritability estimates can provide causally relevant information

Egeland, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2022.111896

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Heritability estimation has been used in plant breeding programs to produce relevant data (Merrick et al 2022, Egeland 2023. Therefore, when selecting genotypes for the desired traits, heritability estimates for yield component traits might be used as a starting point for additional study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Variability among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for agro- morphological traits

Shrestha,

Ghimire,

Dhakal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Variability analysis of maize inbred lines enables increased genetic gain in the maize breeding program. During spring to summer season (March to July) of 2022, we conducted a field experiment in Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal, where we evaluated 24 inbred lines of maize in α-lattice design with three replications to study genetic variability for growth and yield traits. The results of this study showed that growth and yield traits were subject to significant phenotypic and genotypic variation. The anthesis-silking interval (ASI) had the highest genotypic coefficient of variation (39.28%) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (42.81%) in comparison to other traits. Thousand-kernel weight was found to have 87% broad-sense heritability, while as ASI had 91% broad-sense heritability. The grain yield had the highest genetic advance (GA) value, which was followed by leaf area (86.21%). Four inbred line clusters were made using the Euclidean Average Linkage technique. The maximum distance (722.37) between cluster centroids in the cluster analysis suggests that clusters 2 and 4 had the greatest genetic dissimilarity. Inbred RML-76 (2262.2 kg ha-1) and RML-17 (2069.94 kg ha-1) produced the highest grain yields, respectively. The correlation analysis between grain yield and the number of kernel rows per ear (r = 0.79**), the number of kernels per kernel row (r = 0.79**), the length of the ear (r = 0.77**), and the thousand grain weight (r = 0.76**) was positive and significant.The results of our study suggested that maize productivity can be increased by utilizing genetic variability and indirect selection for traits with a high correlation to grain yield, high heritability, and high GA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Variability among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for agro- morphological traits

Shrestha,

Ghimire,

Dhakal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…However, some evolutionists, like Penke, Denissen et al ( 2007 ), Winegard, Winegard et al ( 2017 ), argue that this universalist view conflicts with the fact that many psychological traits are moderately or highly heritable (for relevant evidence, see Polderman, Benyamin et al 2015 , Plomin, DeFries et al 2016 ), meaning that much of individual trait variation can be explained by genotypic variation (Egeland 2023 ). In response to this comparatively pluralist view, Tooby and Cosmides ( 1990 ), Lukaszewski ( 2021 ) argue that it involves a conflation of “deep” and “manifest” structures of psychological adaptations, since it only is the latter that (whether due to genetic or environmental proximate causes) can display systematic intraspecific variation.…”

Section: Fundamental Points Of Disagreement Among Evolutionary Psycho...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Psychology and Normal Science: in Search of a Unifying Research Program

Egeland

2022

Integr. psych. behav.

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Why are there so many controversies in evolutionary psychology? Using a couple of concepts from philosophy of science, this paper argues that evolutionary psychology has not reached the stage of mature, normal science, since it does not currently have a unifying research program that guides individual scientists working in the discipline. The argument goes against claims made by certain proponents and opponents of evolutionary psychology, and it is supported by discussion of several examples. The paper notes that just because evolutionary psychology has not reached the stage of normal science, the discipline is nevertheless a source of many progressive theoretical developments and interesting empirical discoveries.

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“…Heritability measures the proportion of a trait variability that can be explained by genetic variation [ 1 ]. According to the additive model [ 2 , 3 ], the phenotypic variance can be considered as the sum of genetic and environmental effects, and narrow-sense heritability (h 2 ) [ 4 ] is calculated as the ratio of the additive genetic effects variance on the phenotypic variance. Heritability studies should be considered as the key for discovering potential genetic and environmental causal factors for trait variation characterizing a specific population [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the additive model [ 2 , 3 ], the phenotypic variance can be considered as the sum of genetic and environmental effects, and narrow-sense heritability (h 2 ) [ 4 ] is calculated as the ratio of the additive genetic effects variance on the phenotypic variance. Heritability studies should be considered as the key for discovering potential genetic and environmental causal factors for trait variation characterizing a specific population [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The results obtained from heritability analyses need to be contextualized relative to the genetic and environmental background of the population under study, highlighting which factor, whether genetic and environmental, has a better explanatory role for the trait variability [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heritability studies should be considered as the key for discovering potential genetic and environmental causal factors for trait variation characterizing a specific population [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The results obtained from heritability analyses need to be contextualized relative to the genetic and environmental background of the population under study, highlighting which factor, whether genetic and environmental, has a better explanatory role for the trait variability [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Sclerosis Heritability Estimation on Sardinian Ascertained Extended Families Using Bayesian Liability Threshold Model

Nova

Fazia

Saddi

et al. 2023

Genes

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Heritability studies represent an important tool to investigate the main sources of variability for complex diseases, whose etiology involves both genetics and environmental factors. In this paper, we aimed to estimate multiple sclerosis (MS) narrow-sense heritability (h2), on a liability scale, using extended families ascertained from affected probands sampled in the Sardinian province of Nuoro, Italy. We also investigated the sources of MS liability variability among shared environment effects, sex, and categorized year of birth (<1946, ≥1946). The latter can be considered a proxy for different early environmental exposures. To this aim, we implemented a Bayesian liability threshold model to obtain posterior distributions for the parameters of interest adjusting for ascertainment bias. Our analysis highlighted categorized year of birth as the main explanatory factor, explaining ~70% of MS liability variability (median value = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.73), while h2 resulted near to 0% (median value = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.09). By performing a year of birth-stratified analysis, we found a high h2 only in individuals born on/after 1946 (median value = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.93), meaning that the genetic variability acquired a high explanatory role only when focusing on this subpopulation. Overall, the results obtained highlighted early environmental exposures, in the Sardinian population, as a meaningful factor involved in MS to be further investigated.

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Heritability and Etiology: Heritability estimates can provide causally relevant information

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

RETRACTED: Variability among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for agro- morphological traits

RETRACTED: Variability among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for agro- morphological traits

Evolutionary Psychology and Normal Science: in Search of a Unifying Research Program

Multiple Sclerosis Heritability Estimation on Sardinian Ascertained Extended Families Using Bayesian Liability Threshold Model

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