Heritability of substance abuse and antisocial behavior: A study of monozygotic twins reared apart

Grove, William M.; Eckert, Elke D.; Heston, Leonard L.; Bouchard, Thomas J.; Segal, Nancy L.; Lykken, David T.

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(90)90500-2

Cited by 323 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Grove et al (1990) reported substantial genetic correlations among indices of alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence, and the child and adult aspects of antisocial personality disorder in a sample of identical twins reared apart. Pickens, Svikis, McGue, and LaBuda (1995) presented evidence for genetic contributions to the co-occurrence of alcohol dependence and antisocial personality in male twins.…”

Section: Biometrical Modeling Of Co-occurrence Among Externalizing Symentioning

confidence: 99%

Externalizing psychopathology in adulthood: A dimensional-spectrum conceptualization and its implications for DSM-V.

Krueger

Markon

Patrick

et al. 2005

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

505

392

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Mental disorders involving antisocial behavior and substance use are genetically linked and vary continuously. The authors present a review and integrative conceptualization of these observations in terms of a dimensional and hierarchically organized externalizing spectrum. As a foundation for this conceptualization, the authors introduce a quantitative, model-based approach to comparing categorical and continuous conceptions of psychopathology and apply this approach in an empirical study of patterns of comorbidity among externalizing disorders as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The authors present evidence that comorbidity among externalizing disorders is best modeled by an underlying normally distributed continuum of risk for multiple disorders within the externalizing spectrum. The authors conclude by discussing implications of the externalizing spectrum conceptualization for classification of disorders in the upcoming 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Keywordssubstance abuse/dependence; antisocial behavior; impulsivity; aggression; classification Problems with antisocial behavior and substance use and personality traits such as aggression and impulsivity commonly co-occur. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994), these problems constitute the symptoms of a variety of specific mental disorders, and these mental disorders are described in a variety of distinct sections of the manual. In this article, we argue that in the upcoming 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), these problems should be classified together under the rubric of externalizing disorders. We argue that etiologic commonalities should be a major consideration in efforts to classify psychopathological entities (cf. Gottesman, 2002;Skinner, 1981;Tsuang, Stone, & Faraone, 2000;Westen, Heim, Morrison, Patterson, & Campbell, 2002). Moreover, classification of entities in science in general tends to proceed from being more initially descriptive to being based more on underlying principles as these underlying principles become more clearly articulated (Hempel, 1965). Current evidence, reviewed herein, indicates that various externalizing syndromes are linked to the same underlying etiologic factors.We also consider the issue of whether externalizing problems are better conceived of in terms of dimensions or categories. We evaluate this issue both within specific syndromes and in terms of the co-occurrence of syndromes within the externalizing spectrum, and we conclude by endorsing a dimensional conceptualization on the basis of the existing evidence. However, even if externalizing syndromes and their patterns of co-occurrence are dimensional in nature, this does not preclude categorical decision making for clinical purposes. The key is to make clear the distinction between the empirical structure of these syndromes and the ways in which knowledge...

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Section: Biometrical Modeling Of Co-occurrence Among Externalizing Symentioning

confidence: 99%

Externalizing psychopathology in adulthood: A dimensional-spectrum conceptualization and its implications for DSM-V.

Krueger

Markon

Patrick

et al. 2005

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

505

392

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The clinical diagnosis requires presence of 3 of 15 symptoms clustered in one year; symptoms include: frequently initiating fights, repeatedly lying, forcing sex, intentional fire-setting, etc. Slutske et al (1997) estimated CD's heritability at 71% in a national sample of almost 2700 twin pairs, with other estimates of CD heritability at 41% (Grove et al, 1990) and 58% (Button et al, 2006). Genome scans for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing CD have suggested sites on Chromosome 19 and 2 (Dick et al, 2004), and on Chromosomes 3, 9, and 17 (Stallings et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of candidate genes with antisocial drug dependence in adolescents

Corley

Zeiger

Crowley

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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The Colorado Center for Antisocial Drug Dependence (CADD) is using several research designs and strategies in its study of the genetic basis for antisocial drug dependence in adolescents. This study reports Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) association results from a Targeted Gene Assay (SNP chip) of 231 Caucasian male probands in treatment with antisocial drug dependence and a matched set of community controls. The SNP chip was designed to assay 1500 SNPs distributed across 50 candidate genes that have had associations with substance use disorders and conduct disorder. There was an average gene-wide inter-SNP interval of 3000 base pairs. After eliminating SNPs with poor signals and low minor allele frequencies, 60 nominally significant associations were found among the remaining 1073 SNPs in 18 of 49 candidate genes. Although none of the SNPs achieved genome-wide association significance levels (defined as p < .000001), two genes probed with multiple SNPs (OPRM1 and CHRNA2) emerged as plausible candidates for a role in antisocial drug dependence after gene-based permutation tests. The custom-designed SNP chip served as an effective and flexible platform for rapid interrogation of a large number of plausible candidate genes.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Kendler et al 2 showed that twin resemblance increases from occasional use to abuse or dependence in a population-based study of twins. The estimated heritability of cocaine use was 0.39, whereas the heritabilities of abuse and dependence were 0.79 and 0.65, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nine- or fewer repeat alleles in VNTR polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene is a strong risk factor for prolonged methamphetamine psychosis

et al. 2003

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Susceptibility to drug dependence and drug-induced psychoses is influenced not only by the pharmacological effects of the drug but also by the genetic factors of the individual. To clarify the latter, we investigated the association between methamphetamine (METH) dependence/psychosis and the hDAT1 gene (SLC6A3) encoding the dopamine transporter, which is the primary site of METH activity in the brain. Four exonic polymorphisms of the hDAT1 gene, 242C/T (exon 2), 1342A/G (exon 9), 2319G/A (3 0 UTR), and VNTR (3 0 UTR) were examined. Although there was no significant difference in genotypic and allelic distribution of the four polymorphisms between all METH dependence/psychosis patients (N ¼ 124) and controls (N ¼ 160), the patients with METH psychosis lasting for 1 month or more after discontinuance of METH consumption showed a significant excess of nine-or fewer repeat alleles of the VNTR in 3 0 UTR of the hDAT1 gene (P ¼ 0.0054, OR ¼ 4.24, 95% CI ¼ 2. 46-7.31). The present study demonstrated that the presence of nineor fewer repeat alleles of hDAT1 is a strong risk factor for a worse prognosis of METH psychosis.

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Heritability of substance abuse and antisocial behavior: A study of monozygotic twins reared apart

Cited by 323 publications

References 11 publications

Externalizing psychopathology in adulthood: A dimensional-spectrum conceptualization and its implications for DSM-V.

Externalizing psychopathology in adulthood: A dimensional-spectrum conceptualization and its implications for DSM-V.

Association of candidate genes with antisocial drug dependence in adolescents

Nine- or fewer repeat alleles in VNTR polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene is a strong risk factor for prolonged methamphetamine psychosis

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