Heritable variation for aggression as a reflection of individual coping strategies

Benus, R.F.; Bohus, B.; Koolhaas, Jaap M.; Oortmerssen, G.A. van

doi:10.1007/bf01923336

Cited by 426 publications

(269 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This correlates with spatial behaviour in the field and in the laboratory [19,36]. In natural mouse populations similar aptations occur [5]. Spatial behaviour is based on an integration of different brain mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Role of a neuronal small non-messenger RNA: behavioural alterations in BC1 RNA-deleted mice

Lewejohann

Skryabin

Sachser

et al. 2004

Behavioural Brain Research

139

102

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BC1 RNA is a small non-messenger RNA common in dendritic microdomains of neurons in rodents. In order to investigate its possible role in learning and behaviour, we compared controls and knockout mice from three independent founder lines established from separate embryonic stem cells. Mutant mice were healthy with normal brain morphology and appeared to have no neurological deficits. A series of tests for exploration and spatial memory was carried out in three different laboratories. The tests were chosen as to ensure that different aspects of spatial memory and exploration could be separated and that possible effects of confounding variables could be minimised. Exploration was studied in a barrier test, in an open-field test, and in an elevated plus-maze test. Spatial memory was investigated in a Barnes maze and in a Morris water maze (memory for a single location), in a multiple T-maze and in a complex alley maze (route learning), and in a radial maze (working memory). In addition to these laboratory tasks, exploratory behaviour and spatial memory were assessed under semi-naturalistic conditions in a large outdoor pen. The combined results indicate that BC1 RNA-deficient animals show behavioural changes best interpreted in terms of reduced exploration and increased anxiety. In contrast, spatial memory was not affected. In the outdoor pen, the survival rates of BC1-depleted mice were lower than in controls. Thus, we conclude that the neuron-specific non-messenger BC1 RNA contributes to the aptive modulation of behaviour.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Role of a neuronal small non-messenger RNA: behavioural alterations in BC1 RNA-deleted mice

Lewejohann

Skryabin

Sachser

et al. 2004

Behavioural Brain Research

139

102

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show abstract

“…Most of the studies (4 of 6) were done with wild animals brought into captivity or were from semi‐natural populations (Adams, Farnworth, Rickett, Parker, & Cockrem, 2011; Kralj‐Fiser, Weiss, & Kotrschal, 2010; Muraco et al., 2014; Overli et al., 2007). These conditions might induce different effects on proactive and reactive individuals; reactive, behaviorally passive, individuals are thought to cope better with novel situations (Benus, Bohus, Koolhaas, & Vanoortmerssen, 1991; Cockrem, 2007; Coppens, de Boer, & Koolhaas, 2010; Ruis et al., 2001). Taking individuals from their natural habitat and bringing them into captivity could cause proactive individuals to be more stressed or responsive to stress in the novel conditions, while having little or no effect on reactive individuals.…”

Section: Evidence That Variation In Stress Physiology Is Associated Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between glucocorticoids and sociality across a continuum of vertebrate social behavior

Raulo

Dantzer

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The causes and consequences of individual differences in animal behavior and stress physiology are increasingly studied in wild animals, yet the possibility that stress physiology underlies individual variation in social behavior has received less attention. In this review, we bring together these study areas and focus on understanding how the activity of the vertebrate neuroendocrine stress axis (HPA‐axis) may underlie individual differences in social behavior in wild animals. We first describe a continuum of vertebrate social behaviors spanning from initial social tendencies (proactive behavior) to social behavior occurring in reproductive contexts (parental care, sexual pair‐bonding) and lastly to social behavior occurring in nonreproductive contexts (nonsexual bonding, group‐level cooperation). We then perform a qualitative review of existing literature to address the correlative and causal association between measures of HPA‐axis activity (glucocorticoid levels or GCs) and each of these types of social behavior. As expected, elevated HPA‐axis activity can inhibit social behavior associated with initial social tendencies (approaching conspecifics) and reproduction. However, elevated HPA‐axis activity may also enhance more elaborate social behavior outside of reproductive contexts, such as alloparental care behavior. In addition, the effect of GCs on social behavior can depend upon the sociality of the stressor (cause of increase in GCs) and the severity of stress (extent of increase in GCs). Our review shows that the while the associations between stress responses and sociality are diverse, the role of HPA‐axis activity behind social behavior may shift toward more facilitating and less inhibiting in more social species, providing insight into how stress physiology and social systems may co‐evolve.

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“…As mentioned in the introduction, the reactive coping strategy is characterized by flexible behaviour and low levels of aggression. In this regard it has been shown in rodents that heritable stress coping strategies are characterized by individual differences in aggression (Benus, et al, 1991). Moreover, it has also been shown that aggressive individuals show exclusively proactive behaviour as a response to stress, while non-aggressive individuals can respond both reactively and proactively (Benus, et al, 1989).…”

Section: Open Field Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence in behavioural responses to stress in two strains of rainbow trout () with contrasting stress responsiveness

Schjolden

Bäckström²,

Pulman³

et al. 2005

Hormones and Behavior

115

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The aim of this study was to establish whether two lines of rainbow trout divergent for their plasma cortisol response to a standardized stressor would show consistent differences in their behavioural response to a range of challenging situations. Our results show that the high-and low-responding (HR and LR) lines of rainbow trout did not differ in the aggression shown towards an intruder or in their response to the introduction of a novel object to their home environment. However, there was a difference in behaviour between the two selection lines when they were exposed to two unfamiliar environments. These results suggest that the behaviour of the HR and LR fish differs when they are challenged in unfamiliar environments, while their behaviour does not differ when they are challenged in their home environment. These observations are in agreement with studies on mammals thatshow that individuals with reactive coping styles perform similarly to proactive animals when they are challenged in a familiar environment, while they show different behaviour when they are challenged in unfamiliar environments. Thus, these results provide further evidence that the HR and LR selection lines of rainbow trout exemplify the two different coping styles described in mammals.

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Heritable variation for aggression as a reflection of individual coping strategies

Cited by 426 publications

References 69 publications

Role of a neuronal small non-messenger RNA: behavioural alterations in BC1 RNA-deleted mice

Role of a neuronal small non-messenger RNA: behavioural alterations in BC1 RNA-deleted mice

Associations between glucocorticoids and sociality across a continuum of vertebrate social behavior

Divergence in behavioural responses to stress in two strains of rainbow trout () with contrasting stress responsiveness

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