Hernia-repair prosthetic devices functionalised with chitosan and ciprofloxacin coating: controlled release and antibacterial activity

Abstract

Polypropylene nets are widely used as hernioplasty prostheses. The reproduction of bacteria within the net fibers intersections can occur after the application of the prosthesis causing infections. For this reason, bacteria have to be removed in the very early stage of surgical implantation. Activation of the prosthesis surface was done by an innovative oxidizing plasma treatment (APP-DBD) working under atmospheric conditions in order to favor the deposition of an antibacterial coating of chitosan (biocompatible carbohydrate) and ciprofloxacin (broad spectrum antibiotic). Two different coating mixtures were realised and the antibacterial properties of such functionalised nets were investigated, together with their effectiveness. Physico-chemical characterisations of meshes were carried out before and after functionalisation by SEM-EDS and infrared spectroscopy. The release of both chitosan and ciprofloxacin, under controlled experimental conditions, was followed respectively by colorimetric determination (using UV-Visible spectroscopy) and chromatographic analysis (using HPLC). In vitro tests allow verifying antimicrobial activity (inoculation of specimens in a Staphylococcus aureus suspension).

One-step synthesis of magnetic chitosan polymer composite films

“…In this context, chitosan (a biopolymer derived from chitin, the most abundant natural amino polysaccharide), is a very promising material and has found many applications, such as in the waste water purification from heavy metals and/or dyes [7][8], in marine water bioremediation from oil spills [9], in membrane technologies (water softening process) [10], in the cosmetics industry [11] and as protecting coatings for oxygen-sensible products [12]. Also, according to its antibacterial capacity, chitosan can be used in the biomedical field as biocompatible and bioresorbable material for sutures [13] and as a smart antibacterial coating, for example in abdominal surgery applications [14][15]. There are several chemical species classified under the name of iron oxides.…”

Controlled release drug delivery systems to improve post-operative pharmacotherapy

“…Bacterial infection and biofilm formation can also be prevented either by coating the implantable devices by an anti-microbial-loaded matrix [12,13,17,59] or by covalently bonding the anti-microbial agent directly to the surface of the device [60]. Importantly, the surface morphology and chemistry should not be altered significantly or integration with tissue will be effected.…”

“…Oral, transdermal and injectable dosage forms are often used to administer these CR systems to prolong the delivery of drugs for one or a few days. In addition to dedicated drug delivery systems, medical devices also have been used, which are augmented with CR drug delivery functionality; examples of this include surgical sutures [8,9], wound dressing [10,11], hernia repair mesh [12,13], central lines and catheters [14,15], bone cements [16] and orthopaedic implants [17]. Common post-operative complications are now discussed alongside current options for pharmacotherapy including CR systems.…”

Design strategies and applications of biomaterials and devices for Hernia repair

“…These materials allow complete replacement with mature neo-tissue and in the case of bio-derived materials significantly improve tissue ingrowth and foreign body response. However, fully absorbable implants are often limited by insufficient mechanical properties, prompting research into absorbable coatings on clinically utilized meshes designed to improve the tissue/implant interface as well as incorporate drugs and growth factors [127-129]. Polypropylene meshes have been coated with materials including Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), chitosan, and porcine extracellular matrix [127-129].…”