Heroin and human sleep

Lewis, S. A.; Oswald, Ian; Evans, John; Akindélé, M; Tompsett, S. L.

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(70)90230-0

Cited by 89 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In other studies we have found a relationship between, on the one hand, the time from withdrawal of a drug until the peak of REM sleep rebound and, on the other, the inferred length of time it takes for active drug to leave the brain (e. g., Haider and Oswald, 1970;Lewis et al, 1970;Lewis et al, 1971;Allen and Oswald, 1976). Figure 4 suggests that in the age group studied, a daily dose of 200 mg viloxazine leaves some active substance in the brain for 2 days after withdrawal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Viloxazine, sleep, and subjective feelings

et al. 1977

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The sleep of eight volunteers (mean age 55) was recorded electrophysiologically while viloxazine 200 mg was taken daily for 3 weeks, preceded and followed by a week of matching blanks. The volunteers also made ratings of their feelings on visual analogue scales. Another 15 volunteers (mean age 34) took viloxazine 300 mg daily for 3 weeks, preceded and followed by 3 weeks of matching blanks, and they also made daily ratings of feelings. The drug diminished sleep duration and caused more frequent and longer transitions into wakefulness and drowsiness. Slow-wave sleep decreased and stage 2 increased. REM sleep was markedly reduced, especially initially, and there was a withdrawal rebound. Viloxazine impaired subjective concentration mood, and quality of sleep. Three volunteers, however, had striking mood elevation. The drug caused a small loss of weight, which correlated with gastrointestinal symptoms. Three older subjects experienced withdrawal vomiting and prostration. Viloxazine shares properties with imipramine and with amphetamines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Viloxazine, sleep, and subjective feelings

et al. 1977

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“…Heroin (diacetylmorphine) effects on sleep have not been studied as extensively as those of morphine or methadone. Three consecutive bedtime doses of subcutaneous heroin (7.5 mg) did tend to arouse 4 nonaddict subjects: it decreased REM sleep and increased sleep latency; it increased stage 2 and tended to increase drowsiness and stage shifts during early night (Lewis, Oswald, Evans, Akindele & Tompsett, 1970). Chronic heroin abusers have been reported to have a longer REM sleep latency than a nonaddict control group (Davison & Osselton, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphine‐like insomnia from heroin in nondependent human addicts.

Dc¹,

Pickworth²,

Neider³

1981

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 This study was performed because dose-related effects of heroin on human sleep had not been described previously, and to discover if heroin produces a morphine-like insomnia. 2 After three adaptation nights, the sleep of seven male nondependent opiate addicts was studied following i.m. doses of heroin (3, 6, 12 mg/70 kg), morphine (10, 20 mg/70 kg) or placebo at weekly intervals in a randomized double-blind crossover design. 3 Heroin produces a dose-related increase in wakefulness, drowsiness episodes, muscle tension, and shifts in sleep-waking states.I 4 Heroin produces a dose-related decrease in total sleep, sleep efficiency, delta sleep and REM sleep (REMS). 5 Heroin is about twice as potent as morphine in producing this type of insomnia. 6 'Morphine insomnia' appears to be a characteristic initial effect of several opioids, at least in nondependent opiate addicts, and might serve as a model insomnia for evaluation of hypnotics.

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“…It has not, however, been commonly employed in studies of neonatal withdrawal, despite reports that heroinand methadone-dependent adults undergoing withdrawal have increased amounts of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (3). Although a similar finding has been confirmed for newborns of untreated heroin-addicted women (4), and claimed for newborns of women main-Defense in Animals (Longman Group, Essex, 1974), pp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Exposure to Narcotics: Neonatal Sleep as a Measure of Nervous System Disturbance

Dinges

Davis

Glass

1980

Science

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Newborn infants, chronically exposed in utero to low doses of methadone with or without concomitant heroin, display more rapid eye movement sleep and less quiet sleep than control infants, while babies fetally exposed to both opiates and nonopiates have less organization of sleep states. Other perinatal factors, such as birth weight and gestational age, are related more to the amount of fetal drug exposure than to the type.

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Heroin and human sleep

Cited by 89 publications

References 12 publications

Viloxazine, sleep, and subjective feelings

Viloxazine, sleep, and subjective feelings

Morphine‐like insomnia from heroin in nondependent human addicts.

Fetal Exposure to Narcotics: Neonatal Sleep as a Measure of Nervous System Disturbance

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