Herpes simplex virus reactivation and dental procedures

Hayderi, Lara El; Delvenne, Philippe; Rompen, Eric; J, Senterre; Nikkels, Arjen F.

doi:10.1007/s00784-013-0986-3

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Case reports have also related a herpes simplex virus type 1 infection to severe gingival inflammation and recession after muco‐gingival therapy . Herpes simplex virus type 1 can activate after tooth extraction and has been implicated in ‘dry socket’ pathosis following tooth extraction . Reduced osteogenesis has occurred after transplantation of autologous bone contaminated with Epstein–Barr virus and periodontal bacteria .…”

Section: Disease Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal herpesviruses: prevalence, pathogenicity, systemic risk

Slots¹

2015

Periodontology 2000

115

164

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Periodontitis is an infectious/inflammatory disease characterized by the loss of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Herpesviruses are frequent inhabitants of periodontitis lesions, and the periodontopathogenicity of these viruses is the topic of this review. In 26 recent studies from 15 countries, subgingival cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex virus type 1, respectively, yielded median prevalences of 49%, 45% and 63% in aggressive periodontitis, 40%, 32% and 45% in chronic periodontitis, and 3%, 7% and 12% in healthy periodontium. An active herpesvirus infection of the periodontium exhibits site specificity, is a potent stimulant of cellular immunity, may cause upgrowth of periodontopathic bacteria and tends to be related to disease-active periodontitis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by the herpesvirus infection may activate matrix metalloproteinases and osteoclasts, leading to breakdown of the tooth-supportive tissues. The notion that a co-infection of herpesviruses and specific bacteria causes periodontitis provides a plausible etiopathogenic explanation for the disease. Moreover, herpesvirus virions from periodontal sites may dislodge into saliva or enter the systemic circulation and cause diseases beyond the periodontium. Periodontal treatment can diminish significantly the periodontal load of herpesviruses, which may lower the incidence and magnitude of herpesvirus dissemination within and between individuals, and subsequently the risk of acquiring a variety of medical diseases. Novel and more effective approaches to the prevention and treatment of periodontitis and related diseases may depend on a better understanding of the herpesvirus-bacteria-immune response axis.

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Section: Disease Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal herpesviruses: prevalence, pathogenicity, systemic risk

Slots¹

2015

Periodontology 2000

115

164

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“…However, severe RHL after dental treatment was not reported in that study, whereas in our study 45.45% of root canal therapy patients and 27.3% of fixed prosthodontics patients showed RHL after dental treatment. El Hayderi et al suggested that nerve damage due to dental treatment causes HSV-1 reactivation and concluded that oral HSV shedding may be related to invasiveness of dental procedure, but fur- 27 ther studies are needed on this issue (2,37). De Santana Sarmento et al and Caliento et al concluded that kidney transplant recipients (adults and children, respectively) excreted herpes viruses more often than controls, especially HSV-1 and Epstein-Barr virus, with salivary shedding of herpes viruses being more frequent in patients with recent kidney transplantation (38,39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of alpha herpes virus family that is highly infectious (1). HSV-1 is transmitted via oral-oral contact (2) and respiratory secretions (3). It is estimated that the global prevalence of HSV-1 infection in all age group is 67% (3.7 billion people), in eastern meditation countries, this prevalence is 75% (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Oral Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus Before and After Endodontic and Fixed Partial Prosthodontics Treatment in Patients with Recurrent Herpes Simplex

Koopaie

Esmaily

Kharazifard

2018

Ann Mil Health Sci Res

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Background: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) as a member of the herpes virus family recurs in 25% of infected patients 1 -4 times a year. Reactivation of the virus in the oral mucosa is triggered by stress, sunray, menstruation and trauma to the face. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of fixed prosthetic treatment and root canal therapy on symptomatic and asymptomatic shedding of HSV-1 virus into the saliva. Methods: Twenty two patients with a history of recurrent herpes simplex infection were selected, 11 of whom underwent endodontic treatment and 11 received fixed prosthesis treatment. Saliva samples were obtained immediately before and three days after spitting method of collection. The samples were stored at -70°C and then examined via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in order to detect probable shedding of the virus. Results: In general, 72.7% (P = 0.09) and 63.6% (P = 0.09) of the samples were positive for HSV-1 in the endodontic and fixed prosthesis groups, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that dental treatment could be considered as a risk factor for asymptomatic recurrence of HSV-1 virus in the oral cavity. Therefore, to prevent HSV infection, the use of infection control measures and prophylactic antiviral therapy is critical in immunocompromised patients.

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“…However, the nature of these stimuli and how they can act on the viral genome to permit gene expression is not well understood. In the context of human disease, exposure to sunlight, psychological stress, fever, menstruation and surgical resection have all been associated with HSV reactivation (Chida and Mao, 2009; Hayderi et al, 2013; Padgett et al, 1998; Roizman and Whitley, 2013). It is likely that reactivation of HSV in a normal human host results from a combination of factors, including signals that act directly on latently infected neurons and suppression of the immune responses that typically prevent reactivation and clear replicating virus.…”

Section: Triggers Implicated In Hsv Reactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength in diversity: Understanding the pathways to herpes simplex virus reactivation

2018

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes a latent infection in peripheral neurons and can periodically reactivate to cause disease. Reactivation can be triggered by a variety of stimuli that can activate different cellular processes to result in increased HSV lytic gene expression and production of infectious virus. The use of model systems has contributed significantly to our understanding of how reactivation of the virus is triggered by different physiological stimuli that are correlated with recrudescence of human disease. Furthermore, these models have led to the identification of both common and distinct mechanisms of different HSV reactivation pathways. Here, we summarize how the use of these diverse model systems has led to a better understanding of the complexities of HSV reactivation, and we present potential models linking cellular signaling pathways to changes in viral gene expression.

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Herpes simplex virus reactivation and dental procedures

Abstract: Antiviral prophylaxis for RHL is not routinely recommended for dental procedures, regardless of a prior history of RHL.

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Periodontal herpesviruses: prevalence, pathogenicity, systemic risk

Periodontal herpesviruses: prevalence, pathogenicity, systemic risk

Assessment of Oral Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus Before and After Endodontic and Fixed Partial Prosthodontics Treatment in Patients with Recurrent Herpes Simplex

Strength in diversity: Understanding the pathways to herpes simplex virus reactivation

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