Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 infection in human oral mucosa in culture

Yura, Yoshiaki; Iga, Hiroki; Kondo, Yasuo; Harada, Kouji; Yanagawa, Tetsuo; Yoshida, Hideo; Sato, Mitsunobu

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00892.x

“…STI viruses found in the oral cavity include Epstein Barr virus [47], herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 [72], human papilloma virus [33,38,53,58], hepatitis B [8], and cytomegalovirus [36]. Bacterial infections include syphilis [22,23], Donovanosis [25,55], chancroid [30,50] and oropharyngeal gonorrhea [24,70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with established periodontitis

Reed

¹

,

Lopatin

²

,

Foxman

³

et al. 2000

Clinical Oral Investigations

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Periodontitis is considered a consequence of a pathogenic microbial infection at the periodontal site and host susceptibility factors. Periodontal research supports the association of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Bacteroides forsythus, and periodontitis; however causality has not been demonstrated. In pursuit of the etiology of periodontitis, we hypothesized that the intracellular bacteria, Chlamydia trachomatis, may play a role. As a first step, a cross-sectional study of dental school clinic patients with established periodontitis were assessed for the presence of C. trachomatis in the oral cavity, and in particular from the lining epithelium of periodontal sites. C. trachomatis was detected using a direct fluorescent monoclonal antibody (DFA) in oral specimens from 7% (6/87) of the patients. Four patients tested positive in specimens from the lining epithelium of diseased periodontal sites, one patient tested positive in healthy periodontal sites, and one patient tested positive in the general mucosal specimen. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary evidence of C. trachomatis in the periodontal sites. Planned studies include the use of a more precise periodontal epithelial cell collection device, the newer nucleic acid amplification techniques to detect C. trachomatis, and additional populations to determine the association of C. trachomatis and periodontitis.

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“…In vitro data suggest that HSV-2 can infect oral epithelial cells as well as HSV-1. 15 Given the frequency of oral-genital contact, and the frequency of genital HSV-2 isolation, 16-18 lack of oral HSV-2 isolation is surprising.…”

Section: Risk Of Oral Hsv-2 V Genital Hsv-2 Sheddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2

Wald

¹

,

Ericsson

²

,

Krantz

³

et al. 2004

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Objectives: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and HSV-2 reactivate preferentially in the oral and genital area, respectively. We aimed to define frequency and characteristics associated with oral shedding of HSV-2. Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients with documented HSV-2 infection and at least one oral viral culture obtained were selected from the University of Washington Virology Research Clinic database. Results: Of 1388 people meeting the entry criteria, 44 (3.2%) had HSV-2 isolated at least once from their mouths. In comparison with the 1344 people who did not have HSV-2 isolated from their mouth, participants with oral HSV-2 were more likely to be male (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.7), HIV positive (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 6.0), and homosexual (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.2), and to have collected a larger number of oral specimens (median 32 v 4, p,0.001). Of the 58 days with oral HSV-2 isolation, 15 (25%) occurred during newly acquired HSV-2 infection, 12 (21%) during a recurrence with genital lesions, three (5%) during a recurrence with oral lesions, and three (5%) during a recurrence with oral and genital lesions; 25 (43%) occurred during asymptomatic shedding. Oral HSV-2 was found less frequently than oral HSV-1 (0.06% v 1%, p,0.001) in people with HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibody, and less frequently than genital HSV-2 (0.09% v 7%, p,0.001). Conclusions: Oral reactivation of HSV-2 as defined by viral isolation is uncommon and usually occurs in the setting of first episode of genital HSV-2 or during genital recurrence of HSV-2.

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“…In vitro data suggest that HSV-2 can infect oral epithelial cells as well as HSV-1. 15 Given the frequency of oral-genital contact, and the frequency of genital HSV-2 isolation, [16][17][18] lack of oral HSV-2 isolation is surprising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chester Chronicles: Paddy

O'Mahony

¹

2004

Sexually Transmitted Infections

0

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Objectives: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and HSV-2 reactivate preferentially in the oral and genital area, respectively. We aimed to define frequency and characteristics associated with oral shedding of HSV-2. Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients with documented HSV-2 infection and at least one oral viral culture obtained were selected from the University of Washington Virology Research Clinic database. Results: Of 1388 people meeting the entry criteria, 44 (3.2%) had HSV-2 isolated at least once from their mouths. In comparison with the 1344 people who did not have HSV-2 isolated from their mouth, participants with oral HSV-2 were more likely to be male (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.7), HIV positive (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 6.0), and homosexual (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.2), and to have collected a larger number of oral specimens (median 32 v 4, p,0.001). Of the 58 days with oral HSV-2 isolation, 15 (25%) occurred during newly acquired HSV-2 infection, 12 (21%) during a recurrence with genital lesions, three (5%) during a recurrence with oral lesions, and three (5%) during a recurrence with oral and genital lesions; 25 (43%) occurred during asymptomatic shedding. Oral HSV-2 was found less frequently than oral HSV-1 (0.06% v 1%, p,0.001) in people with HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibody, and less frequently than genital HSV-2 (0.09% v 7%, p,0.001). Conclusions: Oral reactivation of HSV-2 as defined by viral isolation is uncommon and usually occurs in the setting of first episode of genital HSV-2 or during genital recurrence of HSV-2.

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Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 infection in human oral mucosa in culture

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Oral Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with established periodontitis

Oral Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with established periodontitis

Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2

Chester Chronicles: Paddy

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