Hesitation. In Defence of ER and ERM

Kjellmer, Göran

doi:10.1076/enst.84.2.170.14903

Cited by 61 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, Clark & Fox Tree also mention that uh and um are used when the speaker wants to keep the floor or wants to cede it, searches for a word or what to say next. Kjellmer (2003), based on the Cobuild Corpus, shows that 'filled pauses' (the term that he uses but criticizes) can signal hesitation proper, but also that they can function to signpost speaker turns (turn-taking, turn-holding, or turnyielding), to attract attention, or to highlight or to correct something previously said, and that these functions often overlap. 5 Tottie (2011) stressed the function of uhm as a planning device and suggested the term planner.…”

Section: Why Do Speakers Say Uhm?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…by Rühlemann et al 2011), labelled variously filled pauses (e.g. Kjellmer 2003 andStenström 1990), fillers (e.g. Bortfeld et al 2001 andClark &, hesitation disfluencies (Corley & Stewart 2008), or hesitations (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bortfeld et al 2001;Christenfeld 1995;Clark & Fox Tree 2002;Corley et al 2007;Corley & Stewart 2008;Goldman-Eisler 1961;Maclay & Osgood 1959;O'Connell & Kowal 2005;Shillcock et al 2001;Shriberg 1994). Mostly, these researchers have relied on experimental work and elicitation tests, but Clark & Fox Tree and Shriberg used recordings of actual conversations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mostly, these researchers have relied on experimental work and elicitation tests, but Clark & Fox Tree and Shriberg used recordings of actual conversations. More recently, uh and um have also been studied by corpus linguists, such as Gilquin (2008), Kjellmer (2003), Rayson et al (1997), Rühlemann et al (2011), Stenström (1990), Stenström & Svartvik (1994), Tottie (2011), usually on the basis of corpora such as the London-Lund Corpus (LLC), the British National Corpus (BNC) and Cobuild, but sometimes using elicited material (e.g. Gilquin 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been suggested, based on the Cobuild corpus (Kjellmer 2003), that uh and um have pragmatic functions other than hesitation, such as signposting speaker turns, attracting attention, highlighting or correction. In a similar vein, Swerts (1998) proposes that uh and um function as discourse organizers (although his findings are based on elicited monologues in Dutch).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

On the use ofuhandumin American English

Tottie

2014

FOL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examines the use of uh and um -referred to jointly as UHM -in 14 conversations totaling c. 62,350 words from the Santa Barbara Corpus of Spoken American English. UHM was much less frequent than in British English with 7.5 vs. 14.5 instances per million words in the British National Corpus. However, as in British English the frequency of UHM was closely correlated to extra-linguistic context. Conversations in non-private environments (such as offices and classrooms) had higher frequencies than those taking place in private spaces, mostly homes. Time required for planning, especially when difficult subjects were discussed, appeared to be an important explanatory factor. It is clear that UHM cannot be dismissed as mere hesitation or disfluency; it functions as a pragmatic marker on a par with well, you know, and I mean, sharing some of the functions of these in discourse. Although the role of sociolinguistic factors was less clear, the tendencies for older speakers and educated speakers to use UHM more frequently than younger and less educated ones paralleled British usage, but contrary to British usage, there were no gender differences.

show abstract

Section: Why Do Speakers Say Uhm?mentioning

confidence: 99%