Hesperetin ameliorates ischemia/hypoxia‐induced myocardium injury via inhibition of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and regulation of Ca²⁺ homeostasis

Abstract

Ischemia/hypoxia (I/H)-induced myocardial injury has a large burden worldwide. Hesperetin (HSP) has a cardioprotective effect, but the molecular mechanism underlying this is not clearly established. Here, we focused on the protective mechanisms of HSP against I/H-induced myocardium injury. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were challenged with CoCl 2 for 22 h to imitate hypoxia after treatment groups received HSP for 4 h. The viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes was evaluated, and cardiac function indices, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) were measured. L-type Ca 2+ current (I Ca-L ), myocardial contraction, and Ca 2+ transients in isolated ventricular myocytes were also recorded. We found that HSP significantly increased the cell viability, and MMP while significantly decreasing cardiac impairment, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and [Ca 2+ ] i caused by CoCl 2 . Furthermore, HSP markedly attenuated I Ca-L , myocardial contraction, and Ca 2+ transients in a concentration-dependent manner.Our findings suggest a protective mechanism of HSP on I/H-induced myocardium injury by restoring oxidative balance, inhibiting apoptosis, improving mitochondrial function, and reducing Ca 2+ influx via L-type Ca 2+ channels (LTCCs). These data provide a new direction for HSP applied research as a LTCC inhibitor against I/H-induced myocardium injury.