Heteroatom Doped Multi-Layered Graphene Material for Hydrogen Storage Application

Abstract

A variety of distinctive techniques have been developed to produce graphene sheets and their functionalized subsidiaries or composites. The production of graphene sheets by oxidative exfoliation of graphite can be a suitable route for the preparation of high volumes of graphene derivatives. P-substituted graphene material is developed for its application in hydrogen sorption in room temperature. Phosphorous doped graphene material with multi-layers of graphene shows a nearly ~2.2 wt% hydrogen sorption capacity at 298 K and 100 bar. This value is higher than that for reduced graphene oxide (RGO without phosphorous).

Graphene and Graphene-Like Materials for Hydrogen Energy

“…Heteroatoms can be activation centers for hydrogen that will be subsequently transferred to the surface of the carbon matrix by spillover. As was shown in [ 49 ], the gravimetric capacity of a material made of multilayer graphene sheets increases as a result of P doping and reaches about 2.2 wt % at 298 K and 10 MPa ( Fig. 12 ).…”

“…The functionalization of graphene with heteroatoms is another approach aimed at increasing the sorption of hydrogen under normal conditions [13,14,17,[40][41][42][43]. This includes the addition of alkaline metal atoms (Li, Na) [44,45] and transition metals Ti, Ni, Pd, Pt to the graphene surface (so-called decoration) [16,46,47], the substitution of carbon atoms in graphene with B, S, N, P (doping) [48,49], and simultaneous decoration and doping [17,40,50,51]. Transition metal atoms on the graphene surface act as catalytic centers for the dissociative chemisorption of hydrogen.…”

“… (Color online) (a) SEM images of a material made of multilayer graphene sheets doped with phosphorus. (b) Sorption of hydrogen by this material, undoped graphite powder (G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) [ 49 ]. …”

Nitrogen Doped Graphene as Potential Material for Hydrogen Storage

“…The existence of the oxygen is a characteristic phenomenon as the surface of graphene tends to be oxidized somewhat when handled at ambient conditions. The oxygen functionalities found for the main O1s peak (See Figure 10(d)) are carbonyl oxygen of quinone (532.5 eV), after deconvolution of two peaks attributed to non-carbonyl oxygen atoms in esters (533.0 eV), and oxygen atoms in carboxylic groups (531.8 eV) respectively [81]. These abundant oxygen and nitrogen functional groups on the sur-face of graphene materials combined with specific surface area and micropores offer a strong tendency to distribute exciting adsorption sites [36].…”

Investigation on the mechanical properties and fracture phenomenon of silicon doped graphene by molecular dynamics simulation

“…[8][9][10] Graphene has already been successfully deployed in electronic sensors, solar cells, transistors, batteries, capacitors, composites and in many other elds. [11][12][13][14] Different experimental and numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the physical properties (i.e., mechanical, electrical and thermal) of graphene. [15][16][17][18][19] Semiconductor application of graphene becomes limited due to its semimetal nature, viz., zero intrinsic bandgap in graphene due to the Dirac like band structure.…”