Heterobimetallic Ru(II)−Eu(III) Complex as Chemodosimeter for Selective Biogenic Amine Odorants Detection in Fish Sample

Abstract

Gaseous biogenic amines such as putrescine, spermidine, aniline, and trimethylamine are important biomolecules that play many crucial roles in metabolism and medical diagnostics. A chemodosimetric detection assay has been developed for those gaseous amines by Ru(II)-Eu(III) heterobimetallic complexes, K{[Ru(II)((t)Bubpy)(CN)(4)](2)Eu(III)(H(2)O)(4)} (where (t)Bubpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine). Synthesis, X-ray crystal characterization, and spectroscopic properties of this Ru(II)-Eu(III) heterobimetallic complex were reported. Binding properties of the Ru(II)-Eu(III) complex with common gases revealed that this complex is very selective to gaseous amine molecules. Sensitivity of this complex toward the amines was found as ∼log k() = 4.5-4.8. Real time monitoring of gaseous biogenic amines was applied to real fish samples (Atlantic mackerel) by studying the spectrofluorimetric responses of the Ru(II)-Eu(III) complex toward different biogenic amine concentration. GC/MS studies were also used as a reference for the studies. A linear spectrofluorimetric response was found toward biogenic amine concentration in real fish samples. This complex was found to respond specifically to those biogenic amines down to 10 ppb.

Lanthanide Photoluminescence in Heterometallic Polycyanidometallate-Based Coordination Networks

“…Beside the homoligand polycyanidometallates, [M(CN) x ] n− (x = 2, 4, 6, and 8), the photo-luminescent d–f coordination networks were prepared using the heteroligand tetracyanidometallate complexes, [M II (L)(CN) 4 ] 2− (M = Ru, Os), where two positions of the octahedron are blocked by the aromatic N,N-bidentate organic ligands, L [111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119]. Depending on the selected L ligand, exemplified by 2,2’-bipyridine (2,2’-bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), or 2,2’-bipyrimidine (bpym), these heteroligand cyanide complexes of Ru II and Os II reveal the intrinsic green to red emission of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) origin [33].…”

“…The innovative luminescent functionality of heteroligand tetracyanidometallates was shown for the [Ru II ( t Bubpy)(CN) 4 ] 2− ion bearing the tert -butyl derivative of 2,2’-bipyridine [118,119]. This anion embedded in the bimetallic K[Ln III (H 2 O) 4 ][Ru II ( t Bubpy)(CN) 4 ] 2 ·8H 2 O (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu) chain of {Ln 2 Ru 2 } molecular squares exhibits the orange emission of a typical metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) origin.…”

Phenanthridine‐Based Donor/Acceptor Fluorescent Dyes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Fluorometric Sensing of Biogenic Primary Amines

“…[31,32] Though these methods are advantageous, they have some drawbacks such as specialized instrumentation, low sensitivity, low selectivity and short lifetime. [33][34] In recent years, fluorescence-based detec-tion methods are widely used as the biomedical, environmental monitoring, clinical testing, food safety testing and other fields as it has high sensitivity and selectivity. Hydrophobic porphyrin dyes, [61] trifluoromethyl-substituted ketones and some specific 1,3-diketones are a few fluorescent probes that displayed their application for amine recognition.…”

Dual‐Mode Optical Sensing of Histamine at Nanomolar Concentrations in Complex Biological Fluids and Living Cells

“…],t hese sensors are generally unsuitable for biological applicationsb ecause of their high cytotoxicity (Figure 1a). [25][26][27][28][29][30] To our knowledge, only oner eport is availableo n selectived etection of histaminew ithouti nvolving toxic metal ions as the recognition template.C hang and co-workersd esigned ac hemodosimetric probe for histamine, based on nucleophilic addition reaction in the buffered medium (Figure 1b). [31] Although the protocols howedaturn-ons ensing of histamine, ar ather long incubation time of ca.…”

“…Although the specificity towards histamine could be improved by engaging transition‐metal complexes as the interactive systems [M 2+ =Zn 2+ or Ni 2+ etc. ], these sensors are generally unsuitable for biological applications because of their high cytotoxicity (Figure a) . To our knowledge, only one report is available on selective detection of histamine without involving toxic metal ions as the recognition template.…”