out my time here at U of M. She has provided interesting, challenging, and important research problems which have pushed me to grow as a scientist. Whenever I felt stuck on a problem, her insight and optimism would always put things in perspective. Thank you to the past group members-Frank, Daniel, Seckin, Jeff, Kristin-for doing most of the legwork in developing the versatile 2D setup I inherited. I would like to thank Veronica for her hard work doing all the sample preps for the experiments presented here, and for all the late nights and early mornings she spent running experiments. To the 2015 TRVS group-Anton, Veronica, Seckin, Libby, Yassel-thank you for going along with my ill-conceived plan to traverse 20 miles through the Porcupine Mountains in one day. It didn't look that far on the map. Thank you to Professors Christine Kirmaier and Dewey Holten at Washington University for providing the BRC samples, and for patiently answering our many questions. Finally, I want to thank my wife Ellen for her love, support, and encouragement, and for her patience and understanding through the many late nights and weekends I have spent working on this project. ii