Heterogeneity Among the Mycoplasma and Relationships to Bacteria*

Neimark, Harold

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb27640.x

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Capri, M. bovigenitalium, M . arginini and Acholeplasma laidlawii) our results are in good agreement with earlier investigations (Neimark & Peni, 1965;McGee, Rogul & Wittler, 1967;Morowitz, Bode & Kirk, 1967;Neimark, 1967;Chelton, Jones & Walker, 1968;Kelton & Mandel, 1969;Williams, Wittler & Burris, 1969;Gourlay & Leach, I 970; Neimark, I 970). Discrepancies were, however, found as regards Mycoplasma bovirliinis and both subspecies of M .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Bovine Mycoplasmas: Genome Size and Base Composition of DNA

Askaa

Christiansen

Ernø

1973

Journal of General Microbiology

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Within the order Mycoplasmatales guanine plus cytosine contents and genome sizes have been determined for 17 strains representing 15 bovine and two ovine species, subspecies or serogroups. The guanine plus cytosine contents were found to vary between 24-4 and 32.9 %. The genome sizes were 4.0 to 5-6 x 1oS daltons for 14 sterol-requiring strains and 0.99 to 1.1 x 109 daltons for three non-sterol-requiring strains. These results support earlier findings that members of the genus Acholeplasma (family Acholeplasmataceae) have genome sizes about twice those of the genus Mycoplasma (family Mycoplasmataceae). The purpose of this work was to determine the GC contents and the genome sizes of type or reference strains of all known mycoplasma species, subspecies and serogroups of bovine source. The type strains (PG2 and PG3) of two ovine organisms (Mycoplasma agalactiae subsp. agalactiae and M. mycoides subsp. Capri) were included in the study because of serological relatedness to the bovine strains ( M . agalactiae subsp. bovis (Donetta) and M . mycoides subsp. mycoides (PGI), respectively). METHODSThe mycoplasmas investigated (Table I) The substrates used for cultivation were in most cases Bacto Heart Infusion Broth (Difco), supplemented with 15 % horse serum or I % PPLO Serum Fraction, 8 % fresh yeast extract, 0.003 % phenol red, 0.08 % thallium acetate and penicillin (400 i.u./ml). Some strains were also supplied with 0.8 % glucose (PG49, PG50, B107PA7 PGI, PG3) or I % arginine (B139P7 B I~~P , ~230). Mycoplasma dispar was cultivated in FF I1 medium (Friis, 1972), with minor modifications; it comprised Bacto Brain Heart Infusion Broth (Difco, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.),

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Using the method of thermal denaturation. Neimark (1967) gave the GC content of 33.6 % for a strain of M . agalactiae and Morowitz et al (1967) found the melting temperature of the DNA of M. agalactiae subsp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Mycoplasmas: Genome Size and Base Composition of DNA

Askaa

Christiansen

Ernø

1973

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Thus, M. hominis, the only species that does not ferment carbohydrates and whose antigens have been studied, has antigenic determinants which are different from those of the carbohydrate-fermenting species. What is known of Mycoplasma species antigens suggests that the mycoplasmas comprise a heterogeneous group, a supposition compatible with the pronounced differences in the DNA base ratios within this genus (Neimark, 1967;McGee, Rogul & Wittler, 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The antigens ofMycoplasma hominis

Hollingdale

Lemcke

1969

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYA genital strain ofMycoplasma hominiswas fractionated by differential centrifugation after disruption of the cells by alternate cycles of freezing and thawing, by gas cavitation under nitrogen, or by ultrasonic treatment.Antigens of the cell membrane were distinct from those in the soluble cell contents, judging from metabolic inhibition (MI), indirect haemagglutination (IHA), gel-diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis tests, and by the antibody response in rabbits inoculated with these fractions. The antigens which gave rise to MI and IHA antibody were located in the cell membrane.Extraction of whole cells ofM. hominisby various chemical methods suggested that the active components were protein in nature and that there was no lipid hapten, as inM. pneumoniae, or polysaccharide, as inM. mycoidesvar.mycoides.This work was partly supported by a Medical Research Council grant, which provided the remuneration of MRH.We thank Professor R. A. Kekwick and Dr J. M. Creeth of the Biophysics Department of this Institute for their advice on the processing of plasma and density gradient centrifugation, and Mr F. C. Belton of the Microbiological Research Establishment, Porton, Wilts, for growing a 50 litre batch ofM. hominis.

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“…capri. The California goat strain has also been subjected to a variety of other tests since its original isolation, including its biochemical (Neimark & Pickett, 1960) and genetic (Neimark, 1967;Ryan & Morowitz, 1969) properties. Jonas & Barber (1969) carried out a biochemical and serological comparison of this strain and other caprine mycoplasmas and concluded that it differed in many respects from mycoplasmas associated with caprine pleuropneumonia.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Some Caprine Mycoplasmas, with Proposals for New Species, Mycoplasma capricolum and Mycoplasma putrefaciens

Tully¹,

Barile²,

Edward³

et al. 1974

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYOf a group of unclassified, mostly caprine mycoplasmas, six were antigenically related to one another, possessed similar biochemical and biological properties and were antigenically distinct from all other human and animal Mycoplasmatales. It is proposed that this group of mycoplasmas be established as a new species within the Mycoplasmatales. One additional isolate, of questionable host origin, was also antigenically distinct from other Mycoplasmatales and is proposed as another new species. The identification of mycoplasmas originally recovered from porcine and caprine hosts as Mycoplasrna mycoides subsp. mycoides supports recent evidence that this subspecies occurs in animals other than cattle. The results emphasize the importance of using proper type strains of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides and M . mycoides subsp. capri in serological identification of mycoplasmas recovered from animal hosts.

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Heterogeneity Among the Mycoplasma and Relationships to Bacteria*

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

Bovine Mycoplasmas: Genome Size and Base Composition of DNA

Bovine Mycoplasmas: Genome Size and Base Composition of DNA

The antigens ofMycoplasma hominis

Characterization of Some Caprine Mycoplasmas, with Proposals for New Species, Mycoplasma capricolum and Mycoplasma putrefaciens

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