Heterogeneity in Damages from A Pandemic

Finkelstein, Amy; Kocks, Geoffrey; Polyakova, Maria; Udalova, Victoria

doi:10.3386/w30658

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Because falling ill is undesirable, these health risks could increase the disutility of work and thus reduce labour supply. This would be consistent with the facts that job losses were concentrated in more exposed occupations (Adams-Prassl et al, 2020;Mongey et al, 2021;Finkelstein, et al 2022), job search efforts decreased (Hensvik et al, 2020;Balgova et al, 2022;Carrillo-Tudela et al, 2023), and so did estimates of labour supply itself (Brinca et al 2021;Faberman et al 2023). Nevertheless, alternative explanations for these phenomena, such as occupational health risks being correlated with labour demand shocks from government restrictions, are also possible.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Besides aggregate labour market effects, a labour supply response to health risks can also help explain the pandemic's unequal impacts. Both racial minorities and the economically disadvantaged were more likely to work in jobs exposed to high levels of COVID-19 risk (Adams-Prassl et al, 2020;Mongey et al, 2021;Finkelstein et al, 2022) and are more likely to have pre-existing health conditions (Wiemers et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Risks and Labour Supply: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic

Richardson

2023

SSRN Journal

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risks and Labour Supply: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic

Richardson

2023

SSRN Journal

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“…Black women are the only race/ethnic group who showed a pandemic decline in fertility without a subsequent recovery. Black people suffered the largest economic losses ( 41 ) as well as a disproportionate burden of COVID morbidity and mortality ( 42 , 43 ). By the end of 2022 in California, fertility rates for this group still had not rebounded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The COVID-19 baby bump in the United States

Bailey

Currie

Schwandt

2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We use natality microdata covering the universe of US. births for 2015 to 2021 and California births from 2015 through February 2023 to examine childbearing responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that 60% of the 2020 decline in US fertility rates was driven by sharp reductions in births to foreign-born mothers although births to this group comprised only 22% of all US births in 2019. This decline started in January 2020. In contrast, the COVID-19 recession resulted in an overall “baby bump” among US-born mothers, which marked the first reversal in declining fertility rates since the Great Recession. Births to US-born mothers fell by 31,000 in 2020 relative to a prepandemic trend but increased by 71,000 in 2021. The data for California suggest that US births remained elevated through February 2023. The baby bump was most pronounced for first births and women under age 25, suggesting that the pandemic led some women to start families earlier. Above age 25, the baby bump was most pronounced for women aged 30 to 34 and women with a college education. The 2021 to 2022 baby bump is especially remarkable given the large declines in fertility rates that would have been projected by standard statistical models.

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Racial health disparities in the United States

Alsan,

Ianni,

Peterson

2024

Oxford Review of Economic Policy

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Disparities between Black and White Americans in health care coverage and health outcomes are pervasive in the United States. In this paper, we describe the evolution of the market-based approach to health insurance and health care delivery in the United States and its implications for racial disparities. First, we discuss the history of the United States’ predominantly private health insurance system. Second, we illustrate the persistence and pervasiveness of disparities through three present-day epidemics: maternal mortality, opioid use, and Covid-19. Through the epidemic case studies, we highlight the systemic roots of racial inequality in health care. Finally, we conclude with a brief discussion of potential policy approaches for reducing disparities in the health care system.

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Heterogeneity in Damages from A Pandemic

Abstract: NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Health Risks and Labour Supply: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic

Health Risks and Labour Supply: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 baby bump in the United States

Racial health disparities in the United States

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