Heterogeneity in Phagocytic and Microbicidal Activities Among Phagocytes Collected from Various Sites in Chicks.

The ministry of Agriculture , Forestry and Fishers of Japan. National Livestock Breeding Center Okazaki Farm, Okazaki, 444-3161 Superoxide production estimated by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction was investigated in zymosan-or PMA-stimulated macrophages and heterophils sampled from various sites of the chicks. Moreover, the effects of starvation on the superoxide production and the phagocytic activity of the cells were examined. Superoxide production in each of the two kinds of phagocytes was classified into 4 categories based on density of reduced NBT in their cytoplasm (none, weak, medium and strong). Phagocytic activity of cells was estimated by number of zymosans ingested. In zymosan-and PMA-stimulated heterophils, peripheral blood cells showed a higher incidence of weak density cells and a lower incidence of strong density cells than abodominal cells. In macrophage lineage, the percentages of cells which did not show detectable amount of reduced NBT on visual inspection were significantly higher in alveolar and splenic macrophages than those in monocytes and abdominal cells. On the contrary, incidence of medium and strong density cells in alveolar and splenic macrophages were significantly lower than those in monocytes and abdominal macrophages. These results agreed with the results which indicated that there were differences in phagocytic and microbicidal activity among phagocytes collected from different sites of chicks. The incidences of medium or high density cells decreased following starvation in zymosanand PMA-stimulated abdominal heterophils, peripheral blood heterophils, abdominal macrophages and monocytes. On the contrary, incidences of low density cells were significantly increased in these phagocytes. These results suggested that starvation specifically influences heterophils and macrophages which have high superoxide production activity and that there are heterogeneity as to superoxide production in the phagocytes collected from each site of chicks. In alveolar and splenic macrophages, effect of starvation was not able to detected because most of cells were classified into no density category. Phagocytic activities of monocytes and abdominal, splenic and alveolar macrophages estimated by number of zymosans ingested were not changes by starvation.

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Heterogeneity of Superoxide Production Activity of Phagocytes in Chicks and Effects of Starvation on Their Superoxide Production.

Moriwaki

Abe

Kondo

1999

Jpn. poult. sci.

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Basic Characterization of Japanese Quail Peritoneal Macrophages Induced by Thioglycollate

et al. 2004

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This paper describes the morphology, phagocytic capacity, and response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of peritoneal macrophages (Mf) from Japanese quail, following induction by thioglycollate.+) Analysis by transmission and scanning electron microscopy : Similar to chicken Mf, non-activated (.῎) quail Mf had many gathering processes on the cell surface. Activated (-1῎) quail Mf exhibited a few long, extended pseudopodia. The cell nuclei of both non-activated and activated quail Mf di#ered from chicken cell nuclei in that they contained one large and several smaller heterochromatic bodies, which were attached to the nuclear membrane and other quail somatic cells.,) Phagocytic activity for sheep red blood cells (SRBC) : The phagocytic activity for SRBC of Mf from non-immunized quail (niMf) was significantly less than that of Mf from SRBC-immunized quail (imMf) (p῍*.*/). However, the phagocytic activity of niMf significantly enhanced by treatment of the SRBC with anti-SRBC quail serum (p῍*.*/). In contrast, the phagocytic activity of imMf did not change following treatment of the SRBC with anti-serum. These results suggest that the phagocytic activity of quail Mf for SRBC is enhanced by opsonization, but that levels of the opsonin receptor on the cell surface of Mf might be decreased by immunization with SRBC.-) Stimulation with LPS : The activity of LPS-stimulated Mf (MTT assay) was greatest *./ hours after cultivation began. Following LPS stimulation, quail Mf produced molecules of .../ kDa and 1-.-kDa, probably interleukin-0 (IL-0) and carrier protein complexes.

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Intracellular Calcium Ion Elevation in Chicken Phagocytes Treated with Activating Agents

et al. 2005

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]i in chicken heterophils and macrophages stimulated by LTB., PMA and LPS was significantly higher than that in the same kinds of rat phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) stimulated with the corresponding factors. The degree of elevation of [Ca ,ῌ ]i in granulocytes treated with these factors was significantly higher than that in macrophages in chickens and rats. The reasons for these di#erences are unclear at the present time. It is valuable to examine the reason for these di#erences.

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Heterogeneity in Phagocytic and Microbicidal Activities Among Phagocytes Collected from Various Sites in Chicks.

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Heterogeneity of Superoxide Production Activity of Phagocytes in Chicks and Effects of Starvation on Their Superoxide Production.

Heterogeneity of Superoxide Production Activity of Phagocytes in Chicks and Effects of Starvation on Their Superoxide Production.

Basic Characterization of Japanese Quail Peritoneal Macrophages Induced by Thioglycollate

Intracellular Calcium Ion Elevation in Chicken Phagocytes Treated with Activating Agents

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