Heterogeneity of Lignin

The first 85% kraft lignin-based thermoplastics

“…mous verdict has emerged from variegated attempts to create lignin-containing materials rangParent Kraft Lignin Preparation ing in type from the phenol-formaldehyde resins 6 to the polyurethanes. 7,8 The parent Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) kraft lignin was isolated from black liquor produced by the The best lignin-containing polyurethanes have included a series based upon a kraft lignin-polyBoise Cascade Corporation (International Falls, MN).…”

Use of a methylolated softwood ammonium lignosulfonate as partial substitute of phenol in resol resins manufacture

“…Lignin is a wood‐derived material, which is obtained as a by‐product in the pulp industry. The chemical structure of lignin is similar to that of phenol, making it an interesting alternative to replace phenol in phenol‐formaldehyde (PF) resin formulation 1. Together with availability and low toxicity, lignin cost can be lower than that of phenol and does not depend on oil prices.…”

A polar high molecular mass constituent of bleached kraft mill effluent is toxic to marine organisms

“…Moreover, the polyelectrolyte properties of polar HMM substances from BKME can lead to different molecular mass estimations, depending on methods of prior isolation, chromatographic method, conditions of measurement, and choice of calibration material (44). Therefore, it is not surprising that previous studies were not in agreement and reported mass ranges of 1-504 kDa (28,(44)(45)(46). In addition, these previous studies used detection at aromatic wavelengths (e.g., 280 nm), which are not characteristic of polar HMM substances from kraft mill effluent (refs 26-28, 44, and 47; Figures 3 and 5).…”