Heterogeneous Catalysts Based on H3PW12O40 Heteropolyacid for Free Fatty Acids Esterification

Silva, Márcio José da; Cardoso, Abiney Lemos; Menezes, Fernanda de Lima; Andrade, Aline Mendes de; Terrones, Manuel Gonzalo Hernandez

doi:10.5772/26847

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, the use of conventional liquid acids generates environmental problems associated with the handling, disposal, and regeneration due to their corrosive and toxic nature. A possible solution is the use of acid solids; however, some of these could cause leaching, for example, the heteropolyacids [9]; besides, the reaction requires high reaction temperatures, which is due to the displacement of the equilibrium by the water formed. In this sense, it is necessary to find solids that simultaneously conduct the reaction without leaching of the active phase and to explore green methodologies that allow reducing reaction temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of levulinic acid via catalytic and photocatalytic processes using fluorinated titanium dioxide materials

Martínez

Mesa

2021

Rev.Fac.Ing.Univ.Antioquia

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This study evaluated the synthesis, characterization, and activity of fluorinated titanium dioxide materials (TiO2-F 1% and TiO2-F 5%) in-situ modified by the sol-gel method in the esterification reaction of levulinic acid conducted by catalytic and photocatalytic processes. The physicochemical properties of the materials were determined by X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and pyridine adsorption. It was found that the inclusion of fluoride anion causes a decrease in the levulinic acid conversion by photocatalytic reaction; however, in the catalytic activation, a slight increase in the conversion using the fluoride materials was observed. Finally, the reaction in the presence of halogenated solvents (CCl4) by photolysis reaction favors a conversion of 100% in 1h.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%