Heterogeneous Catalytic Materials for Carbon dioxide Transformation: Efficient Carboxylation Cyclization to Cyclic Carbonates and Oxazolidinones

Abstract

The exacerbation of environmental issues is increasingly attributed to the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) . CO2 is a cost‐effective and readily available C1 source. The conversion of CO2 into value‐added organic chemicals, such as cyclic carbonate and 2‐oxazolidinone, through carboxylation cyclization reactions shows promise in reducing carbon emissions and combating climate change. The use of catalysts can facilitate this process, with heterogeneous catalysts emerging as favorable due to their advantages of easy recovery and structural stability. This paper provides a comprehensive review of heterogeneous catalysts that have been utilized for the carboxylation cyclization of CO2 to afford cyclic carbonates and oxazolidinones in recent years. The catalysts include metal organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, super‐crosslinked polymers, conjugated microporous polymers, porous ionic organic polymers, and composite materials. We give a detailed synthesis route for each type of catalysts. Furthermore, the characteristics of the catalysts, such as BET specific surface area, CO2 adsorption capacity, and catalytic performance, is summarized and analyzed to offer insights for improving heterogeneous catalysts for CO2 conversion via carboxylation cyclization reactions in future research.