Heterogeneous FE model for single lap shear tests on FRP reinforced masonry curved pillars with spike anchors

Mechanical model based on a BVP for FRPs applied on flat and curved masonry pillars with anchor spikes

“…In all cases, excellent agreement with experimental data and previously presented numerical models is found [48,52], showing that the present simple approach can be used by any practitioner for a fast and reliable prediction of the debonding behavior of FRP on masonry curved structures in presence of anchor spikes. Finally, the role played by the spike is clearly reproduced by the procedure here proposed, where it is underlined an evident activation at a relatively advanced state of deformation.…”

“…The presence of the anchor spike is managed exactly in the same way briefly discussed for the flat case. In absence of a comprehensive experimental characterization of the anchor spike behavior in presence of a tangential load (increase up to failure) and a constant normal stress to apply at the head of the spike, the constitutive behavior of the spike 𝐹 𝑠 (𝑠 𝑠 , 𝐿 𝑠 ) is derived by post-processing the Abaqus simulations reported in [52], as it will be discussed later on.…”

“…The present paper moves its step from a previous combined experimental and numerical research made on curved pillars reinforced with FRP and subjected to standard debonding tests, in presence or absence of anchor spikes [43][44][45][46][48][49][50][51][52][53]. The main aim was to provide information on the ultimate load carrying capacity and ductility of such kind of reinforcement when subjected to standard debonding and to compare the global and local results maintaining the same geometries and materials used in presence and absence of anchorage.…”

“…The paper here presented proposes an interface exponential model for masonry pillars reinforced with FRP strips where the material properties of the interface are calibrated by best fitting of the previously obtained experimental results. The presence of the anchor spike is modeled by assuming for the spike a constitutive behavior under shear forces which is quantitatively deduced from post processing of numerical data obtained by a previous research by the authors, where the debonding process was modelled in ABAQUS FEM software assuming damage propagating in the bulk substrate [44,52].…”

“…Three different sets of mechanical properties are considered for the FRP/substrate interface and the spike constitutive behavior. The first two models (called Set 1 and Set 3) assumes two interface relationships formally equivalent to the data reported in Bertolesi and co-workers in [52] where damage in the bulk was considered with different fracture energies in tension and compression for bricks and mortar. The third model assumes for the interface Set 1 data and for the spike constitutive behavior the trilinear relationship proposed by Grande et al in [48], which turns out to be independent from the curvature of the substrate.…”