“…Additionally, Heterogeneous graphs are used to explore correlations between different types of nodes and edges, providing valuable insights in various fields such as social network analysis [22,23,24], bioinformatics [25,26,27], and recommendation systems [28,29,30]. GNNs have demonstrated effectiveness in tasks such as node classification [31,32,33], link prediction [34,35,36], graph classification [37,38,39], community detection [40,41,42], and anomaly detection [43,44,45]. Some GNN models have been developed to meet different graph learning needs [46].…”