Heterogeneous ignition modes for polymethyl methacrylate in a gaseous oxidizer stream

Гришин, А. М.; Isakov, G. N.

doi:10.1007/bf00789014

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These experiments help in the understanding of ignition. A topic which is not yet well studied is ignition under convective heating, which is gaining evidence as a primary mode of heating in wildfires [2,3] and is, next to radiation, a major mechanism in fire spread in buildings [4] Previous studies on convective ignition of polymers were primarily conducted in the 1980's with little contemporary work to be found [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. The primary focus of those studies was the study of measuring the chemistry of thermal degradation of polymers, but these methods have now been superseded by the use of thermogravimetric analysis [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Convective ignition of polymers: New apparatus and application to a thermoplastic polymer

Roenner

Rein

2019

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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A new convective ignition apparatus for polymers has been developed with known flow and temperature fields. Polymer degradation and ignition is typically studied in fire science under radiative heating or direct contact with a pilot flame but this new apparatus allows for research to be conducted in a convective setting providing a missing piece of knowledge on flammability. Convective heating is a main mode of heat transfer in many real fires such as in the built and natural environments, like building fires or wildfires. The apparatus exposes one side of the sample to air between lab ambient and 735 • C at 0.7 to 5 m/s whilst measuring the sample 2D back side temperature via calibrated infrared. The 2D temperature and flow fields, convective heat transfer, and irradiation were studied under various operating conditions of temperature and flow. Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) samples with glass fibre were ignited using a 735 • C hot stream. Samples of 2 mm thickness ignited after 30 s with a standard deviation lower than 1 s. The experimental work was augmented with numerical modelling of heat and mass transfer with pyrolysis chemistry in Gpyro, allowing for insight into the temperatures across the sample. Combining experimental with numerical work shows that ignition was observed at a surface temperature of 320 • C. Using this rig, ignition can be studied under a range of temperature and flow conditions filling the gaps of the literature which relies primarily on irradiated samples in natural convection conditions. 1 Nomenclature A pre-exponential factor [s −1 ] A s Area [m 2 ] C specific heat capacity [J/kgK] d diameter of pipe [m] E activation energy [kJ/mol] H s heat of pyrolysis [J/kg] h enthalpy [J/kg] h c convective heat transfer coefficient [W/m 2 K] k thermal conductivity [W/m-K] K number of condensed phase reactions [-] m mass [-] n reaction order [-] q irradiation [kW/m 2 ] R universal gas constant [J/mol-K] Re Reynolds number [-] T temperature [ • C] t time [s] U flow speed [m/s] V Volume [m 3 ] Y mass fraction [-] z depth into the sample [m] Greek α absorptivity [m −1 ] δ sample thickness [m] ε emissivity [-] κ radiative absorption coefficient [m −1 ] ν yield [-] ρ density [kg/m 3 ] σ Stefan-Boltzmann constant [J/K] ω reaction rate per unit volume [kg/m 3 s] subscripts0 initial b back side -exposed to ambient d destruction f front side -exposed to hot stream g gas i condensed-phase species index ign at ignition m melt r in-depth s solid ∞ free stream 2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grishin et al [5], Niiioka et al [6], and Wang et al [7] experimentally studied the ignition of polymers under radiative-convective heating using spherical or hemispherical samples. They found that the ignition behaviour switches from pyrolysis-controlled at low flow velocities to gas phase reactioncontrolled at higher air flows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convective ignition of polymers: New apparatus and application to a thermoplastic polymer

Roenner

Rein

2019

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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Ignition phase transition of a polymer: Convective exposure

Durbetaki

Phuoc

1988

Numerical Meth Engineering

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SUMMARYThe ignition of a semi-infinite solid polymer under convective exposure is investigated. A quasi-steady approximation is used for the gas phase and the transient effect is accounted for in the solid phase only. Both surface and gas phase chemical reactions are included simultaneously. The ignition mechanism is studied in terms of the concurrent heat transfer, mass transfer and chemical processes at the surface as well as in the gas phase. The gas phase governing equations are integrated independently from the solid phase energy equation using the Adams-Moulton subroutine. Corrections to the iterative procedure are carried out by establishing a set of perturbation equations and using the Newton-Raphson and least-squares methods. The results indicate that ignition occurs in the heterogeneous mode within a narrow range of low flow velocities and high temperatures. An ignition phase transition point exists, and within a wide range of high flow velocities, ignition switches to the homogeneous mode.

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Effect of spreading of a two-phase film of a melt and of radiation on the characteristics of the heat transfer, ignition, and combustion of PMMA

Гришин¹,

Yakimov²

1978

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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Heterogeneous ignition modes for polymethyl methacrylate in a gaseous oxidizer stream

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Convective ignition of polymers: New apparatus and application to a thermoplastic polymer

Convective ignition of polymers: New apparatus and application to a thermoplastic polymer

Ignition phase transition of a polymer: Convective exposure

Effect of spreading of a two-phase film of a melt and of radiation on the characteristics of the heat transfer, ignition, and combustion of PMMA

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