Heterogeneous nanoporosity of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoir in the Sichuan Basin using the QEMSCAN, FIB-SEM, and nano-CT methods

Tang, Xianglu; Jiang, Zhenxue; Jiang, Shu; Li, Zhuo

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.09.010

Cited by 157 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Organoporosity in gas shales has been well documented since it was first identified in the Barnett Shale (Loucks et al, 2009). Similar organoporosity occurs in other shales, such as the lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale, Sichuan Basin, China (Slatt & O'Brien, 2011;X. L. Tang, Jiang, Jiang, & Li, 2016).…”

Section: Secondary Poressupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Organoporosity in gas shales has been well documented since it was first identified in the Barnett Shale (Loucks et al, ). Similar organoporosity occurs in other shales, such as the lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale, Sichuan Basin, China (Slatt & O'Brien, ; X. L. Tang, Jiang, Jiang, & Li, ). These pores are generated during the burial and maturation of OM (Jarvie et al, ), and 2D and 3D models of shale porosity may be built for in‐place gas calculations based on the assumption that organoporosity constitutes all or almost all of the pores in the shale (Ambrose et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Geochemical and geological characteristics of the Jurassic continental black shale in the Southwestern Depression of Tarim Basin

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2018

Geological Journal

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Although Jurassic continental black shale within the Southwestern Depression of Tarim Basin (SDT) have received renewed attention during the past few years due to their potential to be prospected for shale gas, studies on shale characteristics remain rare. In this study, 31 black shale core samples were collected from a well (Buya‐1) drilled recently in the Hetian Sag of the southern SDT, and their geochemical, petrographical, mineralogical, petrophysical, and pore structural characteristics were determined through a series of tests. The results indicate that the black shale has high and variable total organic carbon (TOC) contents ranging between 0.1% and 17.0% (average 3.2%), is dominated by Type III kerogen (gas‐prone), and is in a mature to high‐mature stage. The shale is mainly composed of quartz, clay, and feldspar with mean contents of 40.0% (range = 15.0–72.0%), 51.0% (range = 25–77%), and 5.5% (range = 1–13.0%), respectively. The pore spaces are composed of primary pores, secondary pores, and microfractures. The mean sorbed gas content of the shale is approximately 2.4 m3/t, and the TOC is significantly positively and linearly correlated with the adsorbed gas capacity. The results show that the Jurassic continental shale in the SDT is very favourable for the formation of a large shale gas play, and the middle segment of the Jurassic shale is the most favourable target layer for shale gas exploration due to its greater gas generation capacity, higher mineralogical brittleness, larger gas storage space, and greater gas sorption capacity. This study is significant in guiding subsequent shale gas exploration and development in the Jurassic, SDT, and also is a reference for identifying favourable exploration targets of shale gas resource in other continental basins.

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Section: Secondary Poressupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Geochemical and geological characteristics of the Jurassic continental black shale in the Southwestern Depression of Tarim Basin

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2018

Geological Journal

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“…2). The Lower Silurian shale, widely developed in the Upper Yangtze Platform, has recently been selected as the main target for shale gas exploration and development (Chen et al, 2011Tan et al, 2014;Ji et al, 2015Ji et al, , 2016Jiang et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2016;Tang et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2016a,b,c). The Silurian shales occur in some strongly uplifted areas as outcrops, which indicates that the shales have experienced a complicated tectonic evolution, then influencing the gas content (Hao et al, 2013).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pore structure characterization methods can be divided into two categories: (1) Direct method. To directly observe and obtain image by means of optical microscope, transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and other micro zone observation technologies in order to get the size, shape and distribution of pores and other qualitative informations in shales (Chalmers et al, 2012;Curtis et al, 2012;Loucks et al, 2012;Gu et al, 2015;Klaver et al, 2015Klaver et al, , 2016Li et al, 2015b;Tang et al, 2016;; (2) Indirect method. Mainly by means of probe gas adsorption techniques to quantitatively characterize the pore size and pore structure, including neutron scattering, high pressure mercury intrusion, low pressure gas adsorption and so on (Mastalerz et al, 2012(Mastalerz et al, , 2013Clarkson et al, 2013;Cao et al, 2015;Hu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative characterization of micropore structure for organic-rich Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China: Implications for shale gas adsorption capacity

Chen

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2017

Adv. Geo-Energ. Res.

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The pores in shales are mainly of nanometer-scale, and their pore size distribution is very important for shale gas storage and adsorption capacity, especially micropores having widths less than 2 nm, which contribute to the main occurrence space for gas adsorption. This study is focused on the organic-rich Lower Silurian black shale from four wells in the Upper Yangtze Platform, and their total organic carbon (TOC), mineralogical composition and micropore characterization were investigated. Low pressure CO2 adsorption measurement was conducted at 273.15 K in the relative pressure range of 0.0001-0.03, and the micropore structure was characterized by Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) equation and density functional theory (DFT) method and then the relationship between micropore structure and shale gas adsorption capacity was discussed. The results indicated that (1) The Lower Silurian shale have high TOC content in the range of 0.92-4.96%, high quartz content in the range of 30.6-69.5%, and high clays content in the range of 24.1-51.2%. The TOC content shows a strong positive relationship with the quartz content which suggests that the quartz is mainly biogenic in origin. (2) The micropore volume varies from 0.12 cm 3 /100 g to 0.44 cm 3 /100 g and micropore surface area varies from 4.97 m 2 /g to 17.94 m 2 /g. Both of them increase with increasing TOC content, indicating TOC is the key factor to control the micropore structure of the Lower Silurian shale. (3) Low pressure CO2 adsorption measurement provides the most suitable detection range (0.3-1.5 nm) and has high reliability and accuracy for micropore structure characterization. (4) The TOC content is the key factor to control gas adsorption capacity of the Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform.

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“…the electron microscope, scanning electron microscope and CT scanner) [13][14][15][16][17][18] and indirect measurement (e.g. mercury injection, gas adsorption and nuclear magnetic resonance).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore-Throat Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Shihezi Formation Tight Gas Sandstone in the Ordos Basin, China

et al. 2018

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In order to better understand the impact of fractal features of pore-throat structures on effective physical properties of tight gas sandstones, this paper carried out constant-rate mercury ‡ ‡ Corresponding authors. This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY) License. Further distribution of this work is permitted, provided the original work is properly cited. 1840005-1Fractals 2018.26. Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by 13.66.222.141 on 04/01/19. Re-use and distribution is strictly not permitted, except for Open Access articles. H. Huang et al.injection tests, gas-water permeability analyses, helium-based porosity and nitrogen pulse decay permeability measurements, and SEM and casting thin-section analyses on 20 sandstone samples of the Shihezi Formation from 16 wells of the Sulige Gas Field in the Ordos Basin, China. The fractal dimensions of pores corresponding to two pore radius ranges, namely fractal dimensions D p2 and D p3 , and those of throats also corresponding to two throat radius ranges, namely fractal dimensions D t1 and D t2 , were then calculated using the constant-rate mercury injection data. Fractal dimensions D p2 and D p3 are negatively correlated with the average pore radius and pore volume as well as quartz content, and they are positively related to contents of clay minerals and lithic fragments. Compared with pore fractal dimensions, throat fractal dimensions have lower correlations with throat structural parameters, and show vague relations with mineral compositions. Although the effects imposed by mineral compositions upon throat structures are similar to those upon pore structures, the flake-like and curved shapes of throats result in irregularity of fractal dimensions. Tight gas sandstones, with smaller fractal dimensions D p2 and D p3 , have larger effective porosity, indicating that more gas volumes can be replaced by liquids. As for tight gas sandstones with lower fractal dimensions D p3 and D t2 , the effective gas permeability is relatively high. In such cases, gas can flow more easily through the reservoir.

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Heterogeneous nanoporosity of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoir in the Sichuan Basin using the QEMSCAN, FIB-SEM, and nano-CT methods

Cited by 157 publications

References 40 publications

Geochemical and geological characteristics of the Jurassic continental black shale in the Southwestern Depression of Tarim Basin

Geochemical and geological characteristics of the Jurassic continental black shale in the Southwestern Depression of Tarim Basin

Quantitative characterization of micropore structure for organic-rich Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China: Implications for shale gas adsorption capacity

Pore-Throat Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Shihezi Formation Tight Gas Sandstone in the Ordos Basin, China

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