Heterogeneous targeting of centrifugal inputs to the glomerular layer of the main olfactory bulb

Gómez, Carmela; Briñón, Jesús G.; Barbado, M.V.; Weruaga, Eduardo; Valero, Jorge; Alonso, J.R.

doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2005.01.005

Cited by 42 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…3,4 Centrifugal axons from brainstem nuclei such as the locus coeruleus, nucleus basalis of Meynert, and dorsal raphe nucleus are synapses with mitral and tufted cells in the glomerular layer. 6,7 Some of the axons of tufted and mitral cells reach the pyramidal cells of the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), which in turn send their own axons to primary olfactory cortices. Some other axons of tufted and mitral cells travel directly to primary olfactory cortices; nevertheless, all these axons converge and form the olfactory tract.…”

Section: The Olfactory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Rodríguez-Violante¹,

Ospina-García²,

Perez‐Lohman³

et al. 2017

JPRLS

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Section: The Olfactory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Rodríguez-Violante¹,

Ospina-García²,

Perez‐Lohman³

et al. 2017

JPRLS

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“…In rodents, HDB fibers are found throughout the different layers of the olfactory bulb, with the heaviest projections to the glomerular layer and internal plexifom layer (Ichikawa and Hirata 1986;Kasa et al 1995;Gomez et al 2005). In these regions, cholinergic fibers synapse onto interneurons, primarily periglomerular cells and granule cells (Nickell and Shipley 1988a;Le Jeune and Jourdan 1993;Kasa et al 1995).…”

Section: Ach Action In the Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike cholinergic projections from the HDB, there is only a relatively weak projection into the glomerular layer. By contrast, the densest NE projection is in the IPL and GCL (McLean et al 1989;Gomez et al 2005). Given the laminar specificity, it has been hypothesized that noradrenergic fibers synapse primarily onto GCs (McLean et al 1989).…”

Section: Ne Action In the Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While raphe fibers can be found in all layers of the bulb, the heaviest projection is to glomerular layer (GL) where they synapse on periglomerular cells (Halasz et al 1978;McLean and Shipley 1987). In addition to containing the highest density of 5HT fibers, the glomerular layer also contains primarily larger fibers with more varicosities suggesting that the GL may be the primary site for 5HT modulation (McLean and Shipley 1987;Gomez et al 2005). Interestingly, the fiber projections within the GL also appear to be heterogeneous, with dorsal glomeruli receiving heavier innervations than glomeruli located more laterally (Gomez et al 2005).…”

Section: Ht Action In the Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural correlates of olfactory learning: Critical role of centrifugal neuromodulation

Fletcher¹,

Chen²

2010

Learn. Mem.

100

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The mammalian olfactory system is well established for its remarkable capability of undergoing experience-dependent plasticity. Although this process involves changes at multiple stages throughout the central olfactory pathway, even the early stages of processing, such as the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex, can display a high degree of plasticity. As in other sensory systems, this plasticity can be controlled by centrifugal inputs from brain regions known to be involved in attention and learning processes. Specifically, both the bulb and cortex receive heavy inputs from cholinergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic modulatory systems. These neuromodulators are shown to have profound effects on both odor processing and odor memory by acting on both inhibitory local interneurons and output neurons in both regions.For most mammals, olfaction plays an important role in many aspects of life, such as mate attraction and recognition, motherinfant attachment, navigation, as well as detection of predators. Not surprisingly, mammals, especially rodents, have demonstrated an exceptional capability to quickly learn, remember, and discriminate odors. Past research has shown that the early stages of olfactory processing display a remarkable degree of plasticity and can play a significant role in olfactory learning. One striking feature of this system is the surprisingly large amount of centrifugal influence on odor processing in the early olfactory pathways. Both the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex receive input from multiple neuromodulatory regions releasing acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. These neuromodulators are known to play a major role in learning-related events such as changes in arousal, attention to novel or salient stimuli, and emotional states such as stress or fear. Similar to other sensory systems, both physiological and behavioral experiments have shown that these neuromodulators can have profound effects on odor processing as well as olfactory learning and memory. Here, we focus on learning-induced plasticity in the early olfactory pathways and the role that centrifugal neuromodulation plays in facilitating this process.

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“…The major centrifugal inputs to OB glomeruli are cholinergic and serotonergic fibers from the basal forebrain and the raphe (McLean and Shipley, 1987;Gomez et al, 2005). Cholinergic agents applied to the OB alter odor detection thresholds (Mandairon et al, 2006), and serotonin excites juxtaglomerular interneurons, including ET cells, in OB slices (Aungst and Shipley, 2005;Hardy et al, 2005).…”

Section: Tonic Presynaptic Inhibition At the Receptor Neuron Terminalmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Modulation of Sensory Input to the Olfactory Bulb by Tonic and Activity-Dependent Presynaptic Inhibition of Receptor Neurons

Pírez¹,

Wachowiak²

2008

Journal of Neuroscience

115

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The first reorganization of odor representations in the nervous system occurs at the synapse between olfactory receptor neurons and second-order neurons in olfactory bulb glomeruli. Signal transmission at this synapse is modulated presynaptically by several mechanisms, a major one being mediated by GABA B receptors, which suppress presynaptic calcium influx and subsequent transmitter release from the receptor neuron terminal. Here, we imaged stimulus-evoked calcium influx into the receptor neuron terminal in anesthetized mice and used odorant and electrical stimulation combined with in vivo pharmacology to characterize the functional determinants of GABA B -mediated presynaptic inhibition and to test hypotheses on the role of this inhibition in olfactory processing. As expected from previous studies, blocking presynaptic GABA B receptors in vivo increased odorant-evoked presynaptic calcium signals, confirming that GABA B -mediated inhibition modulates the strength of receptor inputs. Surprisingly, we found that the strength of this inhibition was affected little by the nature of the input, being independent of the spatial distribution of activated glomeruli, independent of the sniff frequency used to sample the odorant, and similar for weak and strong odorant-evoked inputs. Instead, we found that tonic inhibition was a major determinant of receptor input strength; this tonic inhibition in turn was dependent on glutamatergic transmission from second-order neurons in the glomerular layer. Thus, rather than adaptively shaping odor representations in an activity-dependent manner, a primary role of presynaptic inhibition in vivo may be to modulate the magnitude of sensory input to the brain as a function of behavioral state.

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Heterogeneous targeting of centrifugal inputs to the glomerular layer of the main olfactory bulb

Cited by 42 publications

References 87 publications

Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Neural correlates of olfactory learning: Critical role of centrifugal neuromodulation

In Vivo Modulation of Sensory Input to the Olfactory Bulb by Tonic and Activity-Dependent Presynaptic Inhibition of Receptor Neurons

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Heterogeneous targeting of centrifugal inputs to the glomerular layer of the main olfactory bulb

Cited by 42 publications

References 87 publications

Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson&#39;s disease

Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson&#39;s disease

Neural correlates of olfactory learning: Critical role of centrifugal neuromodulation

In Vivo Modulation of Sensory Input to the Olfactory Bulb by Tonic and Activity-Dependent Presynaptic Inhibition of Receptor Neurons

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Product

Resources

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Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Spotlight on olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease