Heterogeneous Weathering Process of Lunar Regolith Revealed by Polarimetric Attributes Analysis of Chang’E‐4 Lunar Penetrating Radar Data Acquired During the Yutu‐2 Turnings

Zhou, Haoqiu; Feng, Xuan; Ding, Chunyu; Dong, Zejun; Liu, Cai; Liang, Wei

doi:10.1029/2022gl099207

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It may be considered to equip lunar rovers with array antenna radars for future lunar exploration. The CE-3 and CE-4 were equipped with a bistatic groundpenetrating radar, which provided a wealth of observational data and yielded significant research results [40,41,70,[99][100][101]. The CE-5 radar's frequency perfectly complements the absence of higher radar frequency bands in the CE-3 and CE-4 radars, enabling detailed probing of the shallow subsurface structure of the lunar regolith.…”

Section: Summary and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Radar Observation of Shallow Lunar Regolith at the Chang’E-5 Landing Site: Research Progress and Perspectives

Fang,

Ding,

Feng

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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China accomplished a historic milestone in 2020 when the mission Chang’e-5 (CE-5) to the Lunar’s surface was successfully launched. An extraordinary component of this mission is the “Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar” (LRPR) housed within its lander, which currently stands as the most advanced payload in terms of vertical resolution among all penetrating radars employed in lunar exploration. This provides an unprecedented opportunity for high-precision research into the interior structure of the shallow lunar regolith. Previous studies have achieved fruitful research results based on the data from LRPR, updating our perception of the shallow-level regolith of the Moon. This paper provides an overview of the new advancements achieved by the LRPR in observing the basic structure of the shallow regolith of the Moon. It places special emphasis on the role played by the LRPR in revealing details about the shallow lunar regolith’s structure, its estimated dielectric properties, the provenance of the regolith materials from the landing area, and its interpretation of the geological stratification at the landing site. Lastly, it envisions the application and developmental trends of in situ radar technology in future lunar exploration.

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Section: Summary and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Radar Observation of Shallow Lunar Regolith at the Chang’E-5 Landing Site: Research Progress and Perspectives

Fang,

Ding,

Feng

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Therefore, accurate estimation requires a smooth interface, uniform material and small target size. However, due to target shape, antenna offset, surface topography and nonhomogeneous background material, this method typically provides imprecise results [16]. Various methods have been proposed to increase the accuracy of the relative permittivity estimation of rover mounted GPR data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Permittivity Estimation of Southern Utopia Planitia by High-Frequency RoPeR in Tianwen-1 Mars Exploration

Zou,

Liu,

Alani

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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China's Tianwen-1 successfully landed in the southern Utopian Planitia of the Martian surface on 15 May 2021. The Zhurong Rover, equipped with a high frequency full polarimetric Rover Penetrating Radar (RoPeR), travelled 1,921 m to investigate the shallow geological structure and material composition of the Martian weathered layer. In this study, we propose a new processing strategy to estimate surface relative permittivity using the HH and VV reflections of the high frequency RoPeR data. This new strategy is based on the induced field rotation effect, which occurs when orthogonally-polarised electromagnetic waves propagate into an uneven surface with incident angles. 3D time-domain finite-difference simulations were performed using random surfaces with various relative permittivities under the same geometry as the Zhurong Rover. Polarimetric alpha angle versus relative permittivity was then calculated based on the simulation results. At the same time, direct coupling removal, band-pass filtering and channel calibration were performed on the real RoPeR data and clear surface reflections were extracted. The surface reflection amplitudes of the HH and VV were then obtained and the polarimetric alpha angle calculated. Finally, relative permittivity was estimated through the relationship obtained from the simulation results. The average value of the relative permittivity estimated by the proposed approach is 3.292, with a standard deviation of 0.235. This result is consistent with that obtained by orbiting Radar Systems and the low frequency RoPeR system. This study will contribute to the further signal processing and accurate interpretation of real radar data captured by way of RoPeR on Mars.

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Water Ice and Possible Habitability in the Landing Area of Tianwen-1 Mission

Jiang,

Ding,

et al. 2024

Space Sci Rev

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Heterogeneous Weathering Process of Lunar Regolith Revealed by Polarimetric Attributes Analysis of Chang’E‐4 Lunar Penetrating Radar Data Acquired During the Yutu‐2 Turnings

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

In-Situ Radar Observation of Shallow Lunar Regolith at the Chang’E-5 Landing Site: Research Progress and Perspectives

In-Situ Radar Observation of Shallow Lunar Regolith at the Chang’E-5 Landing Site: Research Progress and Perspectives

Surface Permittivity Estimation of Southern Utopia Planitia by High-Frequency RoPeR in Tianwen-1 Mars Exploration

Water Ice and Possible Habitability in the Landing Area of Tianwen-1 Mission

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