Heterologous transposition in Ustilago maydis

Ladendorf, Oliver; Brachmann, Andreas; Kämper, Jörg

doi:10.1007/s00438-003-0848-9

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…TEs have been used for insertional mutagenesis in plants, bacteria, insects and fungi (Daboussi and Capy, 2003;Kempken and Kuck, 2000), including Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Weil and Kunze, 2000), Tolypocladium inflatum (Kempken and Kuck, 2000), M. grisea (Villalba et al , 2001), F. oxysporum (Hua-Van et al , 2001, Aspergillus nidulans (Li Destri Nicosia et al , 2001), Aspergillus fumigatus (Firon et al , 2003) and Ustilago maydis (Ladendorf et al , 2003). A major advantage of transposon tagging is that insertional mutants can be obtained rapidly without the need for repeated transformation, once a reporter strain is generated in which transposition of the TE can be monitored conveniently (Daboussi and Capy, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of virulence genes in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by large‐scale transposon tagging

López‐Berges

Pietro

Daboussi

et al. 2009

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Forward genetic screens are efficient tools for the dissection of complex biological processes, such as fungal pathogenicity. A transposon tagging system was developed in the vascular wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by inserting the novel modified impala element imp160::gfp upstream of the Aspergillus nidulans niaD gene, followed by transactivation with a constitutively expressed transposase. A collection of 2072 Nia(+) revertants was obtained from reporter strain T12 and screened for alterations in virulence, using a rapid assay for invasive growth on apple slices. Seven strains exhibited reduced virulence on both apple slices and intact tomato plants. Five of these were true revertants showing the re-insertion of imp160::gfp within or upstream of predicted coding regions, whereas the other two showed either excision without re-insertion or no excision. Linkage between imp160::gfp insertion and virulence phenotype was determined in four transposon-tagged loci using targeted deletion in the wild-type strain. Knockout mutants in one of the genes, FOXG_00016, displayed significantly reduced virulence, and complementation of the original revertant with the wild-type FOXG_00016 allele fully restored virulence. FOXG_00016 has homology to the velvet gene family of A. nidulans. The high rate of untagged virulence mutations in the T12 reporter strain appears to be associated with increased genetic instability, possibly as a result of the transactivation of endogenous transposable elements by the constitutively expressed transposase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of virulence genes in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by large‐scale transposon tagging

López‐Berges

Pietro

Daboussi

et al. 2009

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…However, as also observed in other systems, many of such REMI mutants contain translocations or carry untagged second site mutations, limiting the use of such mutants (R. Kahmann, unpublished). Recently, a transposon mutagenesis system based on the heterologous transposon Tc1 from Caenorhabditis elegans has been established (Ladendorf et al ., 2003) and protocols for insertional mutagenesis by Agrobacterium mediated integration have been developed ( J. Kämper, unpublished).…”

Section: Important Tools For Experimentation With Ustilago Maydismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ustilago maydis: how its biology relates to pathogenic development

2004

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Summary The smut fungus Ustilago maydis is a ubiquitous pathogen of corn. Although of minor economical importance, U. maydis has become the most attractive model among the plant pathogenic basidiomycetes under study. This fungus undergoes a number of morphological transitions throughout its life‐cycle, the most prominent being the dimorphic switch from budding to filamentous growth that is prerequisite for entry into the biotrophic phase. The morphological transition is controlled by the tetrapolar mating system. Understanding the mating system has allowed connections to signalling cascades operating during pathogenic development. Here, we will review the status and recent insights into understanding pathogenic development of U. maydis and emphasize areas and directions of future research. Contents Summary31I.31II.32III.33IV.34V.36VI.38VII.38VIII.39IX.404040

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“…Mutagenesis screens based on REMI (restriction enzyme‐mediated integration) and enhancer trapping have been successfully applied (Aichinger et al ., 2003; Bölker et al ., 1995a). Recently, a heterologous transposition system, based on Caenorhabditis transposon Tc1 , has been established in U. maydis and future optimization might render it a versatile instrument for genome‐wide analysis (Ladendorf et al ., 2003). The U. maydis sequence has recently been determined through collaborations between WICGR, Bayer CropScience AG and Exelixis, Inc and is publicly available in the database (see useful web site).…”

Section: Ustilago Maydis An Interesting Model Fungus To Study Pathogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ustilago maydis, model system for analysis of the molecular basis of fungal pathogenicity

Basse

Steinberg

2004

Molecular Plant Pathology

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SUMMARYUstilago maydis , a facultative biotrophic basidiomycete fungus, causes smut disease in maize. A hallmark of this disease is the induction of large plant tumours that are filled with masses of black-pigmented teliospores. During the last 15 years U. maydis has become an important model system to unravel molecular mechanisms of fungal phytopathogenicity. This review highlights recent insights into molecular mechanisms of complex signalling pathways that are involved in the transition from budding to filamentous growth and operate during the pathogenic growth phase. In addition, we describe recent progress in understanding the structural basis of morphogenesis and polar growth in different stages of U. maydis development. Finally, we present an overview of recently identified genes related to pathogenic development and summarize novel molecular and genomic approaches that are powerful tools to explore the genetic base of pathogenicity.Taxonomy: Ustilago maydis (DC) Corda (synonymous with Ustilago zeae Ung.)-Kingdom Eukaryota, Phylum Fungi, Order Basidiomycota , Family Ustilaginomycetes , Genus Ustilago.Host range: Infects aerial parts of corn plants ( Zea mays ) and its progenitor teosinte ( Zea mays ssp. parviglumis ). Maize smut is distributed throughout the world.Disease symptoms: U. maydis causes chlorotic lesions in infected areas, the formation of anthocyanin pigments, necrosis, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of infected organs. Infection by U. maydis can inhibit development and lead to stunting of infected plants. A few days after infection plant tumours develop in which massive fungal proliferation and the formation of the black-pigmented, diploid teliospores occurs. Under natural conditions tumours predominantly develop on sexual organs (tassels and ears), stems and nodal shoots. Tumours may vary in size from minute pustules to several centimetres in diameter and contain up to 200 billion spores.Useful web site: http://www-genome.wi.mit.edu/annotation/ fungi/ustilago_maydis/ USTILAGO MAYDIS, AN INTERESTING MODEL FUNGUS TO STUDY PATHOGENICITY Life cycle of U. maydis and genetic controlUstilago maydis was carried to Europe by the early Spanish explorers. The cause of common smut and a detailed investigation of the disease symptoms caused by U. maydis in maize were first described in 1883 by O. Brefeld. He showed that young meristematic shoot tissue was susceptible to U. maydis infection and described the propagation of U. maydis in culture (axenic growth). Brefeld also recognized that U. maydis undergoes multiple morphological transitions during pathogenic growth. The initiation of pathogenic development is characterized by a morphological transition (dimorphic switch) from yeast-like budding cells to a tipgrowing hyphae (Christensen, 1963; reviewed in Kahmann et al ., 2000). After recognition of compatible mating partners haploid U. maydis cells arrest in the G2 phase (García-Muse et al ., 2003; Snetselaar and Cann, 1997), stop budding and start to form a conjugation tube. This mating filament underg...

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Heterologous transposition in Ustilago maydis

Cited by 8 publications

References 79 publications

Identification of virulence genes in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by large‐scale transposon tagging

Identification of virulence genes in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by large‐scale transposon tagging

Ustilago maydis: how its biology relates to pathogenic development

Ustilago maydis, model system for analysis of the molecular basis of fungal pathogenicity

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