Heteropaternity of twins in ring‐tailed lemurs (<scp><i>Lemur catta</i></scp>)

Parga, Joyce A.; Nansen, Shira C

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23827

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Heteropaternity (where a single female copulates with and conceives from multiple males in the same pregnancy) has been documented in ringtail lemur, chimpanzees and humans (Ely et al, 2006; James, 1993; Parga & Nansen, 2019), but is likely possible in any species with dizygotic twinning that does not have strict monogamous pair bonding.…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive one health in primates

Moresco¹,

Feltrer‐Rambaud²,

Wolfman

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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One Health is a collaborative trans‐disciplinary approach to health; integrating human, animal, and environmental health. The focus is often on infection disease transmission and disease risk mitigation. However, One Health also includes the multidisciplinary and comparative approach to disease investigation and health of humans, animals, and the environment. One key aspect of environmental/ecosystem health is conservation, the maintenance of healthy, actively reproducing wildlife populations. Reproduction and reproductive health are an integral part of the One Health approach: the comparative aspects of reproduction can inform conservation policies or breeding strategies (in situ and ex situ) in addition to physiology and disease. Differences in reproductive strategies affect the impact poaching and habitat disruption might have on a given population, as well as ex situ breeding programs and the management of zoo and sanctuary populations. Much is known about chimpanzees, macaques, and marmosets as these are common animal models, but there is much that remains unknown regarding reproduction in many other primates. Examining the similarities and differences between and within taxonomic groups allows reasonable extrapolation for decision‐making when there are knowledge gaps. For example: (1) knowing that a species has very low reproductive rates adds urgency to conservation policy for that region or species; (2) identifying species with short or absent lactation anestrus allows ex situ institutions to better plan contraception options for specific individuals or prepare for the immediate next pregnancy; (3) recognizing that progestin contraceptives are effective contraceptives, but may be associated with endometrial hyperplasia in some species (in Lemuridae but not great apes) better guides empirical contraceptive choice; (4) recognizing the variable endometriosis prevalence across taxa improves preventive medicine programs. A summary of anatomical variation, endocrinology, contraception, pathology, and diagnostics is provided to illustrate these features and aid in routine physical and postmortem examinations as well as primate management.

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Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive one health in primates

Moresco¹,

Feltrer‐Rambaud²,

Wolfman

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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show abstract

“…Age data for most lemurs were obtained from published accounts (Cuozzo and Sauther 2006;Cuozzo 2008, 2009;Cuozzo et al 2010) or provided by Sauther and Cuozzo (unpublished data), while the ages for all sexually mature, non-natal males with unknown birthdates were estimated as being 4-7 years (Bolt and Tennenhouse 2017; Bolt 2020a), since males typically disperse from social groups for the first time at age 3-4 years, and have a high mortality rate in the wild, with few reaching old age (Sussman 1991(Sussman , 1992. Focal males were assigned to one of the following four age classes based on established age class estimates by other researchers (Sussman 1992;Gould 1994Gould , 1997Sauther et al 2002;Gould and Ziegler 2007;Parga 2013): subadult (1-2 years old, natal group member and sexually immature), young adult (3 years old, natal group member and sexually mature), prime adult (4-7 years old, nonnatal group member and sexually mature), or old adult (≥ 8 years old, non-natal group member and sexually mature) (Bolt and Tennenhouse 2017;Bolt 2020a).…”

Section: Study Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agonistic vocalization behaviour in the male ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta)

Bolt

2021

Primates

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Vocalizations are used by group-living animals as aggressive and submissive signals during agonistic interactions, and are also used to maintain dominance hierarchies in many species. For gregarious strepsirrhines with large vocal repertoires and differentiated dominance ranks like the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta), agonistic vocalization use is important to study to better understand their social adaptations.To determine whether ring-tailed lemur vocalizations such as the yip, cackle, twitter, chutter, and plosive bark were used as aggressive or submissive signals during agonism and uttered at different rates by males of differing dominance ranks and ages, 565 h of focal data were collected on 31 individual males aged ≥ 1 year from Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar. Yip, cackle, and twitter vocalizations were consistently used during agonistic submissive interactions with both males and females, chutter vocalizations were used during aggressive agonistic interactions with males and submissive agonistic interactions with males and females, and plosive bark vocalizations were used across behavioural contexts but not particularly during agonism. Males of all ages employed all vocalizations, and while low-ranking males uttered yip calls at higher rates, males of all dominance ranks uttered cackle, twitter, chutter, and plosive bark vocalizations. These results advance our knowledge of how male lemurs utilize agonistic vocalizations to maintain inter-individual relationships with males and females, and improve our overall understanding of the function of different agonistic vocalizations in wild lemurs.

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Food availability and male deference in the female‐dominant ring‐tailed lemur, Lemur catta

Parga

Thurau

2022

American J Primatol

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Female dominance, a trait common to some Malagasy lemurs, has been viewed as an adaptation that decreases intersexual feeding competition. A hypothesized relationship exists between male “deference” (male submission in the absence of female aggression) and food availability. Sauther (1993) suggested that male ring‐tailed lemurs at the Duke Lemur Center (Pereira et al., 1990) show more deference to females than do males in the wild owing to food abundance in captivity. To reexamine the link between food availability and male deference, we studied agonism and foraging in two nonwild ring‐tailed lemur (Lemur catta) populations: the Los Angeles Zoo and St. Catherines Island (SCI). On SCI, we collected data under two feeding conditions: Low Provisions (low food availability) and High Provisions (high food availability). As expected, male deference measures at our study sites were more similar to measures of deference from other studies of L. catta in captivity than in the wild. Additionally, the change at SCI from low to high food availability was associated with increased male deference to females. Interestingly, male proximity to females during foraging at this location did not notably change between the low to high food availability conditions, suggesting that males were food competitors of females just as often under both feeding conditions. The increase in male deference under conditions of high food availability on SCI was due to males withdrawing more rapidly from female approaches during agonistic interactions. Hence, where food is more abundant, male L. catta are more likely to show submission to females, which appears to be a self‐serving means of avoiding female aggression. Lemur males who are well‐fed appear less apt to risk female aggression to obtain resources than more nutritionally stressed males. Our results support the view of female dominance in lemurs as an adaptive evolutionary response to conditions of resource limitation.

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Heteropaternity of twins in ring‐tailed lemurs (Lemur catta)

Cited by 7 publications

References 101 publications

Reproductive one health in primates

Reproductive one health in primates

Agonistic vocalization behaviour in the male ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta)

Food availability and male deference in the female‐dominant ring‐tailed lemur, Lemur catta

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