Heteroploid <i>Knautia drymeia</i> includes <i>K. gussonei</i> and cannot be separated into diagnosable subspecies

Rešetnik, Ivana; Frajman, Božo

doi:10.3732/ajb.1500506

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…& Hoppe (Schönswetter & al., 2002) and Erebia epiphron Knoch (Schmitt & al., 2006), whereas links between Alpine and northernmost Balkan populations have been revealed in Knautia drymeia Heuff. (Rešetnik & al., 2016) and the Heliosperma pusillum group (ITS data ;Frajman & Oxelman, 2007). From the central Balkan Peninsula, the S. saxifraga group colonised other parts of the Balkans and spread to the Carpathians and later to the Apennines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling relationships among the members of the Silene saxífraga alliance (Caryophyllaceae): Phylogenetic structure is geographically rather than taxonomically segregated

Đurović

Schönswetter

Niketić³

et al. 2017

TAXON

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Out of ca. 700 species belonging to Silene, 15 to 35 were classified in S. sect. Saxifragoideae. This section has its highest diversity on the Balkan Peninsula, which was the most important European Pleistocene refugium. The most widespread of the species is S. saxifraga ranging from the Pyrenees to the Carpathians. Together with ten morphologically similar taxa it is often treated as the S. saxifraga group, but the relationships among the taxa are unclear and blurred due to the occurrence of transitional forms. In this study, we used sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the plastid rps16 intron as well as amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to elucidate phylogenetic relationships among the taxa belonging to—or hypothesized to be closely related to—S. sect. Saxifragoideae, covering the section’s entire geographical range. Phylogenetic analyses of 112 populations belonging to 33 taxa clarified previous classifications and showed that S. cephallenia, S. congesta, S. linoides, S. multicaulis, S. schwarzenbergeri and S. waldsteinii are clearly differentiated from all other taxa, which in turn form the newly circumscribed S. saxifraga group. Phylogenetic relationships within the latter are unresolved, and are governed by geographic proximity rather than by taxonomic identity. This is likely a result of recent rapid radiation and range expansion, as well as of convergent morphological evolution triggered by similar environmental selection pressures. The southern parts of the Balkan Peninsula are the centre of genetic diversity of the group, underlining the area’s importance as a sanctuary of diversification of European biota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling relationships among the members of the Silene saxífraga alliance (Caryophyllaceae): Phylogenetic structure is geographically rather than taxonomically segregated

Đurović

Schönswetter

Niketić³

et al. 2017

TAXON

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“…It is also likely that C. sylvaticum persisted Pleistocene glaciations in a single refugium in this area. Magri et al (2006) suggested that beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests spread to Central and Northern Europe from their refugium in the northernmost Balkan Peninsula and it is plausible that also C. sylvaticum followed the same route, along with other understory species such as Cyclamen purpurascens (Slovak et al 2012), Veronica chamaedrys and Knautia drymeia (Rešetnik et al 2016). To get a better understanding of the evolutionary history of C. sylvaticum, additional populations from the entire distribution area would need to be sampled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Petit et al 2002) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.; Magri et al 2006) as well as for several beech forest understory herbs (Willner et al 2009), including Knautia drymeia Heuff. (Caprifoliaceae; Rešetnik et al 2016), Cyclamen purpurescens Mill. (Primulaceae; Slovák et al Caespitosa Pax & Hoffm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of Cerastium sylvaticum and C. subtriflorum on the margin of the south-eastern Alps

Skubic

Schönswetter

2018

Plant Syst Evol

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The south-eastern Alps and the southerly adjacent areas are considered an important refugium for plant species during the Pleistocene glaciations; consequently, they harbour many endemic taxa. One of them is Cerastium subtriflorum, which in this area occurs sympatrically with morphologically similar, but more widespread C. sylvaticum. Here, we used amplified fragment length polymorphisms as well as ITS and plastid DNA sequences to explore phylogenetic relationships between the two species as well as their relationships to other Cerastium taxa previously deemed closely related. Our data show that both species are genetically well-differentiated sister taxa, but their relationship to other taxa remains unclear; both species rather form an independent evolutionary lineage within European Cerastium. Cerastium sylvaticum exhibits low genetic differentiation among populations in the investigated area, suggesting a single Pleistocene refugium in that part of Europe. The much more pronounced genetic differentiation within C. subtriflorum is likely a result of multiple Pleistocene refugia or more recent vicariance among the three disjunct partial distribution areas. Phylogenetic sequence data suggest hybridisation between the two taxa, resulting in a discordant phylogenetic position between ITS and plastid trees of one population of C. subtriflorum. Flow cytometric and multivariate morphometric analyses show that C. subtriflorum and C. sylvaticum differ in their genome size as well as in multiple morphological traits. We provide a taxonomic treatment for both species including an identification key and species descriptions.

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“…Integrating multiple approaches and genetic markers has been acknowledged as most efficient because it provides complementary and more convincing evidence (see e.g., Jakob and Blattner, ; Ma et al., ; Bendiksby et al., ; Krak et al., , ; Mandák et al., ). If tetraploids within Alyssum repens arose by autopolyploidy, we would expect them to cluster with respective diploids in the AFLP analyses, their ITS and DET1 sequences to be placed in a single clade together with those of the parental diploids, and their monoploid genome sizes to be close to those of the parental diploids (see e.g., Brassac et al., ; Rešetnik et al., ; Padilla‐García et al., ). By contrast, if the tetraploids were allopolyploids, we could expect genetic admixture in the AFLP analyses, the presence of divergent DET1 sequences (pointing to homeologous loci) placed in distinct phylogenetic clades together with the respective diploids and additivity of genome size values (e.g., Jakob and Blattner, ; Brassac et al., ; Díaz‐Pérez et al., ; Mandák et al., ; Padilla‐García et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification and independent polyploid origins in the disjunct species Alyssum repens from the Southeastern Alps and the Carpathians

Melichárková

Španiel

Marhold

et al. 2019

American J of Botany

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Premise Disjunct distributions have been commonly observed in mountain plant species and have stimulated phylogeographic and phylogenetic research. Here we studied Alyssum repens, a member of the polyploid species complex A. montanum−A. repens, which exhibits SE Alpine‐Carpathian disjunctions with a large elevational span and consists of diploid and tetraploid populations. We aimed to investigate the species‘ genetic and cytotype structure in the context of its distribution patterns, to elucidate the polyploid origins and to propose an appropriate taxonomic treatment. Methods We combined AFLP fingerprinting markers, sequence variation of the highly repetitive ITS region of rDNA and the low‐copy DET1 nuclear gene, genome size, and morphometric data. Results We identified four geographically structured genetic lineages. One consisted of diploid populations from the foothills of the Southeastern Alps and neighboring regions, and the three others were allopatric montane to alpine groups comprising diploids and tetraploids growing in the Southeastern Carpathians and the Apuseni Mts. in Romania. Conclusions We inferred a vicariance scenario associated with Quaternary climatic oscillations, accompanied by one auto‐ and two allopolyploidization events most likely involving a northern Balkan relative. Whereas genetic differentiation and allopatric distribution would favor the taxonomic splitting of this species, the genetic lineages largely lack morphological distinguishability, and their ecological, cytotype and genome size divergence is only partial. Even though we probably face here a case of incipient speciation, we propose to maintain the current taxonomic treatment of Alyssum repens as a single, albeit variable, species.

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Heteroploid Knautia drymeia includes K. gussonei and cannot be separated into diagnosable subspecies

Abstract: Genetic and morphometric data confirmed neither divergence of K. gussonei nor recognition of subspecies within K. drymeia. We therefore propose treating K. drymeia as a morphologically and genetically variable species without infraspecific taxa.

Cited by 34 publications

References 58 publications

Disentangling relationships among the members of the Silene saxífraga alliance (Caryophyllaceae): Phylogenetic structure is geographically rather than taxonomically segregated

Disentangling relationships among the members of the Silene saxífraga alliance (Caryophyllaceae): Phylogenetic structure is geographically rather than taxonomically segregated

Diversification of Cerastium sylvaticum and C. subtriflorum on the margin of the south-eastern Alps

Diversification and independent polyploid origins in the disjunct species Alyssum repens from the Southeastern Alps and the Carpathians

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