Heterosexual Social Competence, Anxiety, Avoidance and Self-Judged Physical Attractiveness

Mitchell, Kenneth R.; Orr, Fred

doi:10.2466/pms.1976.43.2.553

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…There are preliminary indications in research with college students of an association between being concerned about one's appearance and impaired social functioning. College students who perceive themselves as unattractive have been shown to be more likely to avoid cross-sex interactions (Mitchell & Orr, 1976), to engage in less intimate social interactions with members of the same and other sex (Nezlek, 1988), and to experience higher levels of social anxiety (Feingold, 1992). Negative body image may also be related to problematic sexual functioning.…”

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confidence: 98%

Relationships Between Men’s and Women’s Body Image and Their Psychological, Social, and Sexual Functioning

2005

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This study was designed to examine the relationships between different aspects of body image and psychological, social, and sexual functioning throughout adulthood. The respondents were 211 men and 226 women (age range 18-86 years; mean = 42.26). Respondents completed measures of self-rated attractiveness, body satisfaction, body image importance, body image behaviors, appearance comparison, social physique anxiety, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and social and sexual functioning. Body image was associated with self-esteem for all groups, but was unrelated to other aspects of psychological, social, and sexual functioning. There were some exceptions; a disturbance in body image was related to problematic social and sexual functioning among middle-aged men and to depression and anxiety symptoms in late adulthood among men and women. Middle-aged men who presented with the type of body image disturbance typical of women were more likely to have impaired interpersonal functioning. These results demonstrate that social aspects of body image appear to be important in understanding psychological functioning in later life.

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confidence: 98%

Relationships Between Men’s and Women’s Body Image and Their Psychological, Social, and Sexual Functioning

2005

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“…Consequent studies reported a signi cant relationship between body image and self-esteem (e.g., Guinn, Semper, & Jorgensen, 1997;Silberstein, Striegel-Moore, Timko, & Rodin, 1988), as well as between two analogous constructs, body satisfaction and general satisfaction/self-evaluation (e.g., Lerner, Karabenick, & Stuart, 1973). Likewise, socially anxious people were found to underrate their own body image (Cash, Cash, & Butters, 1983;Mitchell & Orr, 1976). A positive correlation was also found between measures of body consciousness and body image.…”

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confidence: 99%

Japanese body image: Structure and esteem scores in a cross‐cultural perspective

Kowner

2002

Int J Psychol

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Culture appears to affect body image in general and body esteem in particular, yet do cultural differences in these constructs concern with factorial structure or merely the magnitude of their manifestation? This study examined what body parts and functions the body esteem of young Japanese adults consists of, and assessed its relation with several other construals of the self. A secondary goal was to compare scores of body esteem in Japan with data previously obtained for people of similar age and background in diverse cultures, such as the USA, Hong Kong, and Israel. The primary contention of this study was that body image might vary notably across different cultures. Because of cultural differences in the self, and indirectly also due to physiognomic variation, members of various cultures may differ in the way they conceive their own body, have divergent body ideals, and ultimately experience different feelings toward their body. The subjects were 569 Japanese undergraduates who filled in the Body Esteem Scale (BES) as well as measures of self‐esteem, body consciousness, and social anxiety. Findings show fairly similar structure of body esteem to that found in the USA, but lower ratings of body esteem among Japanese than among their American, Chinese, and Israeli counterparts. In addition, findings indicate a large gender difference on the total BES score: Men expressed higher body esteem than women. Among both genders, however, body esteem correlated positively with self‐esteem and body consciousness, but negatively with social anxiety. It is suggested that the structure similarity between Japanese and American body esteem is the result of universal human mating patterns as well as similar personality structure. The reason for the lower Japanese body esteem may involve general tendency for self‐effacement and social anxiety. Further causes for the lower scores, which may concern broader cultural and historical perspectives, are briefly discussed.

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“…First, there are preliminary indications of an association between being concerned about one’s appearance and impaired social functioning. For instance, young women who perceive themselves as physically unattractive have been shown to be more likely to avoid cross‐sex interactions (Mitchell & Orr, 1976 ), to experience higher levels of social anxiety (Feingold, 1992 ; Howell & Weeks, 2017 ), and to engage in less intimate social interactions with members of the same and other sex (Nezlek, 1988 ). Significant positive associations were also found between perceived sexual attractiveness and happiness among women independently from the average age of the sample (Stokes & Frederick, 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

#Fitspiration on Instagram: The effects of fitness‐related images on women’s self‐perceived sexual attractiveness

Fioravanti

Tonioni

Casale

2021

Scandinavian J Psychology

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The present study looks at how exposure to Instagram #fitspiration images affects self‐rated sexual attractiveness among women. An experimental pre‐test/post‐test control group design was implemented. Four hundred and forty‐two female undergraduate students (mean age of 22.06 ± 2.15 years) were randomly exposed to either fitspiration (N = 233) or travel Instagram images (N = 209). Well known self‐report measures of Instagram use, body satisfaction, and self‐perceived sexual attractiveness were completed. The results showed that viewing fitspiration models on Instagram was more likely to lower self‐perceived sexual attractiveness among women than travel images. This effect was mediated by body satisfaction. The present findings built upon previous research that focuses on the detrimental effects of exposure to appearance‐focused Instagram profile images on body image satisfaction by showing that exposure to Instagram fitspiration might also influence women perceived sexual attractiveness. Negative consequences of social media exposure on women’s sexual well‐being need to be further investigated.

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Heterosexual Social Competence, Anxiety, Avoidance and Self-Judged Physical Attractiveness

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Relationships Between Men’s and Women’s Body Image and Their Psychological, Social, and Sexual Functioning

Relationships Between Men’s and Women’s Body Image and Their Psychological, Social, and Sexual Functioning

Japanese body image: Structure and esteem scores in a cross‐cultural perspective

#Fitspiration on Instagram: The effects of fitness‐related images on women’s self‐perceived sexual attractiveness

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