Heterosis and character association of mid altitude adapted quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids at Bako, Western Ethiopia

Abebe, Beyene; Ali, W. M.; Chere, Adefris Teklewold

doi:10.17352/ojps.000018

Cited by 11 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It was non-significant for the remaining traits. The result observed in this study is in line with previous reports [36,37,38], (Bitew, 2016) indicating a significant difference among maize genotypes for phenology, yield, yield related, and other agronomic traits. In contrast to the current finding for LFPP, Berhanu [36] reported significant MS.…”

Section: Analysis Of Variancesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Generally, the mean of checks showed higher performance than the mean of crosses (Appendix 1). The overall mean of genotypes in this study was almost similar in magnitude to the overall mean result reported by Berhanu [36] but a little smaller than reported by Demissew [31] and Beyene [38]. The latter two authors reported 347.7 g and 358.7g TSW in a different set of crosses, but while considering among the crosses, the highest TSW was obtained in this study as compared to the report made by Berhanu [36], Demissew [31] and Beyene [38].…”

Section: Mean Comparison In Combined Data Analysissupporting

confidence: 89%

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Performance Evaluation and Identification of Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Mekasha

Chere

2022

IJPSS

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Background: Maize plays an indispensable role in meeting high food demand. It is globally one of the most widely adopted and cultivated crops. Hybrid development from fixed inbred lines is one of the strategies for the improvement of maize production. The national average maize yield is low in East Africa; thus, the selection of promising germplasm has a great role to meet the high food demand of growing the population. Forty-two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) crosses (21 inbred lines each crossed with two testers) along with three popular standard hybrids checks were evaluated in two replications using alpha lattice during the 2017 cropping season at Ambo, Arsi-Negele, and Kulumsa. The objective of this study was to evaluate and select the best new QPM hybrids for grain yield, and other agronomic and morphological characteristics. Results: Significant difference among crosses was observed for 19 traits at Ambo, 14 traits at Arsi-Negele, and 19 traits at Kulumsa. Out of 28 traits studied, six of them did not show genotype by location interaction but they showed a significant genotypic effect. These traits were: Days to Silking (DS), Number of Ears per plant (EPP), Ear Length (EL), Kernels Per Row (KPR), Ear Diameter (ED), and Thousand Seed Weight (TSW). Based on the mean performance in the combined analysis, from 42 new QPM crosse, six of them (L8xT2, L7xT1, L8xT1, L19xT1, L6xT2, and L18xT1) were scored higher grain yield compared with the mean of the three standard checks and best conventional maize (CM) check (AMH853). L8xT2, L7xT1, L8xT1 crosses showed a higher grain yield advantage over the best check (AMH853) by 20.87, 14.13, and 13.63%, respectively. Conclusion: The study implicated the existence of a difference between the newly developed hybrids and the standard check varieties. In general, the study enabled us to identify promising crosses that could be forwarded for further use in maize breeding programs in future work.

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Section: Analysis Of Variancesupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Mean Comparison In Combined Data Analysissupporting

confidence: 89%

Performance Evaluation and Identification of Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Mekasha

Chere

2022

IJPSS

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“…Regarding to common leaf rust across locations, crosses as assessed SCA effects, about 22.22% and 11.11% of crosses displayed negative and positive from significant to highly significant SCA effects whereas for husk cover about 41.67% and 27.78% of crosses exhibited negative and positive SCA effect, respectively . Similar results reported by others scholars by different time, place, and designs (Berhanu, 2009;Girma et al, 2015 andBeyene, 2016). GY=grain yield, DA= days to anthesis, DS=days to silking, PH=plant height, EH= ear height, GLS=gray leaf spot, TLB=turcicum leaf blight, CLR=common leaf rusts, NKPR=number of kernels per rows, KRE= number of rows per ear EL=ear length, EPP=ear per plant, ED= ear diameter=thousand kernel weight, SE (LxT) =standard error of specific combining ability of lines by testers, SE (Sji-Skl) =standard error differences of specific combining ability effects of lines by testers.…”

Section: Specific Combining Ability Effect Estimatessupporting

confidence: 90%

Combining Ability Study for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines Adapted to Mid-Altitude Agroecology of Ethiopia

Yadesa¹,

Alamerew

Tadesse³

2021

Agro. Bali. Agric. J.

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In spite of the importance of quality protein maize to alleviate protein deficiency, almost all maize varieties cultivated in Ethiopia are normal maize varieties, which are devoid of lysine and tryptophan. Perusing the combining ability of QPM inbred for grain yield and its components is vital to design appropriate breeding strategies for the development of nutritionally enhanced maize cultivars. A line x tester analysis involving 36 crosses generated by crossing 9 elite maize inbred lines with 4 testers were evaluated for different desirable agronomic traits during the 2019 main season at BNMRC and JARC. The experiment was conducted using alpha lattice design with 3 replications. The objectives were to determine the combining ability of quality protein maize inbred lines, adapted to mid altitude agroecology of Ethiopia for agronomic traits. The crosses were evaluated in alpha lattice design replicated 3 times. Analyses of variances showed significant mean squares due to crosses for almost all the traits studied. GCA mean squares due to lines and testers were significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) for most studied traits. SCA mean squares were also significant for most attributes across locations. The comparative importance of GCA and SCA variances observed in the current study for most studied traits indicated the preponderance of additive genetic variance in governing these attributes. Only L3 was the best general combiner for grain yield. Inbred line L3, for days to anthesis and L5 for days to silking had negative and significant GCA effects. L5 and L6 displayed negative and significant GCA effects for plant and ear height. Crosses, L2xT4, L3xT4, L4xT4, L5xT2, L6xT3, L7xT2, L9xT1 and L9xT4 were good specific combiners for grain yield. In general, these genotypes help as a source of promising alleles that could be used for forthcoming breeding work in the development of quality protein maize cultivars with desirable traits.

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“…Birhanu [6] evaluated tester crosses of white QPM and CM inbred lines and reported higher grain yield, heterosis overall, mid and better parents, and some of the crosses over the standard checks. Similarly, Beyene [7] reported higher heterosis in diallel crosses evaluated at Bako, Ethiopia. In this study, the aim was to estimate better parent and mid-parent heterosis of the crosses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…According to Miranda [4], heterosis is the genetic expression of the superiority of a hybrid over its parents. Three types of estimation of heterosis are reported in the literature; namely, mid-parent or average heterosis, which is the increased vigor of the F1 over the mean of two parents; and high-parent or better-parent heterosis, which is the increased vigor of F1 over the better-parent [5] and standard heterosis [6][7][8]. Heterosis is usually considered synonymous with hybrid vigor [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-parent and Better Parent Heterosis Study on Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Mekasha

Chere

Woreti

2022

IJPSS

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Determination of heterosis in maize hybrids is necessary for the identification of superior F1 hybrids for breeding programs. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the amount of mid parent (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) for grain yield, yield-related, agronomic, and morphological traits. Hybrid development from fixed inbred lines is one of the strategies for the improvement of maize production. The national average maize yield in Ethiopia is low and thus, selection of promising germplasm, knowledge of combining ability, and heterotic grouping are prerequisites to developing high-yielding maize varieties. Forty-two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) crosses (21 inbred lines each crossed with two testers) along with three popular standard hybrids were evaluated in two replications using alpha lattice during the 2017 cropping season at Ambo and, Arsi-Negele. Parental line trials consisting of 21 lines, two testers, and one conventional maize (CM) parent check (FS67) were established in two replications laid out using RCBD side by side with the hybrid trials at Ambo and Arsi-Negele. At Ambo, almost all crosses showed positive and significant BPH except three crosses (L1xT1, L4xT1, and L13xT1). The maximum BPH (276.2%) was obtained from L17xT2. Similarly, at Arsi-Negele, most of the crosses had positive and significant BPH except for five crosses for BPH which are showing negative heterosis. The highest BPH was obtained from L10xT2 at Arsi-Negele. Generally, the high yielding crosses had reasonable BPH. Based on the result promising crosses and lines were identified. Some of the crosses showed good performance in terms of heterosis against the mid parent and better parent: L17xT2 (329.88% MPH, 276.18% BPH), L3xT2(320.05% MPH, 273.91%BPH), and L19xT2(2802.57% MPH, 247.31% BPH) at Ambo, whereas at Arsi-Negele L10xT2 (128.38% MPH, 111.27%BPH) and L11xT2(115.33% MPH, 98.00% BPH) showed the higher heterosis compared with the mid parent and better parent. Crosses that showed best yield performance were: L8xT2, L7xT1, L8xT1, L19xT1, L6xT2, and L18xT1. These crosses should be reconsidered for further evaluation and possible release.

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Heterosis and character association of mid altitude adapted quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids at Bako, Western Ethiopia

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Performance Evaluation and Identification of Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Performance Evaluation and Identification of Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Combining Ability Study for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines Adapted to Mid-Altitude Agroecology of Ethiopia

Mid-parent and Better Parent Heterosis Study on Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

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