Heterosis and Heterotic Grouping among Tropical Maize Germplasm

Akinwale, R.O.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.98742

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Low soil N is estimated to cause yield losses as high as 50% in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) (Makumbi et al 2011;Ribeiro et al 2020). In recent years, researchers have been exploring new ways to improve the yield and tolerance of maize to low soil nitrogen through the use of heterosis and heterotic groupings of maize inbred lines (Hallauer et al 2010;Akinwale, 2021). Heterosis is considered to be present when the mean of any character(s) in hybrid is superior to either the better parent (better parent heterosis) or the mean of its parents (mid-parent heterosis), (Nadarajan and Gunasekaran, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Per se Performance, Heterosis and Heterotic Groupings of Maize Inbred Lines for Yield and Tolerance to Low Soil Nitrogen

Aboderin,

Oyekunle,

Bankole

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Information on per se performance, heterosis and heterotic grouping of newly developed maize lines is required for successful hybrids development. The study was conducted to assess the per se performance of inbreds, examine the inbred-hybrid relationship and classify the lines into heterotic groups. Seventy-nine inbreds developed at Institute for Agricultural Research Zaria were crossed to three testers to generate 237 hybrids. The parental lines and hybrids were separately evaluated under low- and optimum-N conditions at Zaria in 2020 and 2021. The results revealed significant differences (ρ < 0.05) among the inbreds and hybrids for grain yield and most measured traits under low- and optimum-N conditions. Inbred parent SMLW-156 was the highest yielding under low-N and optimum-N condition with average yield advantage of more than 100% and 65% over the best check under low-N and optimum-N condition, respectively. Parental lines SMLW-146 and SMLW-155 were identified as testers. Hybrid SMLW-165 x IITA 1876 had better parent (253.1%) and standard heterosis (48%) for grain yield under optimum-N environment. Hybrid SMLW-105 x IITA 1876 out-yielded standard check by over 100% while SMLW-134 x IITA 1878 was the best for mid and better parent heterosis under low N. Inbreds were classified into four and three distinct groups under low- and optimum-N environments, respectively. Inbred lines within each heterotic group can be recombined to form heterotic populations which can be improved through recurrent selection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Per se Performance, Heterosis and Heterotic Groupings of Maize Inbred Lines for Yield and Tolerance to Low Soil Nitrogen

Aboderin,

Oyekunle,

Bankole

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Classification of maize inbred lines into heterotic groups based on yield and yield attributing traits

Bhatla,

Angidi,

Thomas

et al. 2024

Plant Genet. Resour.

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This study investigated the combining ability, heterosis and heterotic grouping of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines to enhance hybrid performance and productivity. Twenty-four hybrids were developed by crossing eight inbred lines with three testers, and their performance was evaluated for two years at Banaras Hindu University's agricultural research farm. Data on yield and yield-attributing traits were collected from selectively centred competitive plants in each row, avoiding border plants to reduce errors. Biometrical techniques, cluster analysis, and statistical tools were employed to measure general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and standard heterosis, providing insights into hybrid performance. Analysis of variance revealed significant mean square values for GCA and SCA across most traits studied. Various methods were utilized, including SCA effects, HGCAMT (Heterosis Grouping by Combining Ability of Multiple Traits), and HSGCA (Heterotic Grouping based on Specific and General Combining Ability). The study identified HUZM-242 × CML-286 and HUZM-53 × CML-286 as crosses displaying higher grain yield compared to the check line DKC 7074 and exhibiting positive heterosis. The findings offer valuable guidance for maize breeding programmes by accurately identifying heterotic groups, enabling breeders to select inbred lines more likely to produce high-performing hybrids. This targeted selection reduces the number of necessary cross-breeding trials, saving time and resources. Additionally, hybrids derived from crosses between lines from different heterotic groups exhibit superior performance due to higher heterosis. These conclusions support advancements in maize breeding strategies, ultimately contributing to agricultural sustainability through increased productivity, resource efficiency, and economic benefits for farmers.

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Breeding for improved digestibility and processing of lignocellulosic biomass in Zea mays

Vanhevel,

De Moor,

Muylle

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Forage maize is a versatile crop extensively utilized for animal nutrition in agriculture and holds promise as a valuable resource for the production of fermentable sugars in the biorefinery sector. Within this context, the carbohydrate fraction of the lignocellulosic biomass undergoes deconstruction during ruminal digestion and the saccharification process. However, the cell wall’s natural resistance towards enzymatic degradation poses a significant challenge during both processes. This so-called biomass recalcitrance is primarily attributed to the presence of lignin and ferulates in the cell walls. Consequently, maize varieties with a reduced lignin or ferulate content or an altered lignin composition can have important beneficial effects on cell wall digestibility. Considerable efforts in genetic improvement have been dedicated towards enhancing cell wall digestibility, benefiting agriculture, the biorefinery sector and the environment. In part I of this paper, we review conventional and advanced breeding methods used in the genetic improvement of maize germplasm. In part II, we zoom in on maize mutants with altered lignin for improved digestibility and biomass processing.

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Heterosis and Heterotic Grouping among Tropical Maize Germplasm

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Per se Performance, Heterosis and Heterotic Groupings of Maize Inbred Lines for Yield and Tolerance to Low Soil Nitrogen

Per se Performance, Heterosis and Heterotic Groupings of Maize Inbred Lines for Yield and Tolerance to Low Soil Nitrogen

Classification of maize inbred lines into heterotic groups based on yield and yield attributing traits

Breeding for improved digestibility and processing of lignocellulosic biomass in Zea mays

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