Heterosis for Grain Yield and Yield Components in Bread Wheat  (Triticum aestivum L.) Over Environments

Kumar, Ramesh; Mehta, D R; Shekhawat, Virendra Singh; Nikita, S Patel; Zarna, N. Vora

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2019.807.360

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Wheat crosses I and II had early heading and negative heterosis under two water regimes are generally desirable and useful parameters. Also, negative heterosis for days to heading was reported by the other workers [4,42,49]. For proline content, the cross I showed positive significant heterosis under both conditions.…”

Section: Heritability Genetic Advanced and Heterosissupporting

confidence: 49%

Breeding Enrichment of Genetic Variation of Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat under Drought Stress and Well Irrigation

Swelam¹,

Salem²,

Hassan³

et al. 2022

Phyton

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Drought stress (DS) is one of the most critical environmental abiotic stresses for wheat production in the arid environments. Selection of high-yielding genotypes tolerant to DS can play a significant role in mitigation the negative impacts associated with DS. In the present study, generation means analysis (GMA) was used to study the performance of two crosses under well irrigation (WI) and deficit irrigation [cross I (Line 44 × Shandweel-1) and cross II (Line 20 × Sakha 93)]. Significant differences were observed for days to heading (DH), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), number of spikes per plant (NS/P), number of grains per spike (NG/S), thousand-grain weight (TGW), grain yield per plant (GY/P), and proline content (PC) in the six populations of the two crosses within each irrigation level. Cross II had early maturity and the highest PC, NS/P, TGW, and GY/P regardless of the irrigation level. Cross I showed positive significant relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for GY/P under the two irrigation levels. The inheritance of characters of cross I revealed additive, dominant, and epistatic effects, which varied with trait and stress. Additive genetic effects predominated in DH, SL, and PC, while non-additive were found in DM, NS/P, NG/S, and GY/P. Narrow-sense heritability estimates (h 2 n ) were high for DH and PC, moderate to high for PH and SL, moderate for DM, NG/S, NS/P, and TGW, and low for GY/P . Based on different drought indices the populations BC 1 , BC 2 , F 1 , and P 1 of cross II and BC1 of cross I were more tolerant to drought stress. Therefore, PC, TGW and DH can be used as selection indicators to improve wheat for drought tolerance in early generations and other yield components traits in late generations. The second cross (Line 20 × Sakha 93) shows promise and is of interest to a drought tolerance breeding program, where wheat breeders can use recombinant breeding strategies to construct desirable drought stress genes. Correlation and path coefficient revealed that TGW and PC were the main contributor in grain yield in both environments.

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Section: Heritability Genetic Advanced and Heterosissupporting

confidence: 49%

Breeding Enrichment of Genetic Variation of Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat under Drought Stress and Well Irrigation

Swelam¹,

Salem²,

Hassan³

et al. 2022

Phyton

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“…Multivariate techniques can be used in future as a constructive screening tool when comparing a large number of genotypes under typical field condition for studying the drought tolerance in wheat as well as in other field crops (Banerjee et al, 2020). The present investigation revealed that number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, spike length and 1000 seed weight had a strong relation with grain yield, suggesting the need for more emphasis on these components for increasing the grain yield in wheat (Kumar et al, 2021). In the present study G×E interaction was mainly studied using two widely used models, i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Genetic stability analysis of bread wheat hybrids and parents under semi-arid eastern plains of Rajasthan

Kumar¹,

Singh²,

Choudhary³

et al. 2022

JEB

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Aim: The study aimed to evaluate ten wheat cultivars along with 45 F1 under different environments to identify best suited environment for potential expression of grain yield and related traits under terminal heat stress. Methodology: Ten wheat cultivars and 45 F1 were evaluated under three different environments at Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur (SKNAU, Jobner). The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with 3 replications and each plot had 2 rows for F1 and 4 rows for parents with 30×10 cm spacing. The parents of the crosses were selected on basis of their superiority in performance across diverse ecologies. Results: The results of present investigation revealed that first two principal components contributed to nearly 63 % of total variance that is grouped in two clusters. Genotype plus genotype by environment interaction view revealed top cultivars and hybrids under terminal heat stress conditions. AMMI biplot analysis indicated environment 1 and environment 2 as the best suited environments for potential expression of grain yield and related traits. The study identified potential donors, cultivars C306, Raj4079, Raj1482 and PBW396 for earliness and cultivarsCR43, CR20 and PBW590 for grain yield and related traits under terminal heat stress conditions. Interpretation: The grain yield can be improved by selecting for higher grain number, biomass and harvest index as revealed from their positive correlations. The presence of G×E interaction provides the opportunity to select for the stable genotypes for diverse ecologies. On other hand, environment specific genotypes can be targeted in befitting ecologies. AMMI and GGE biplot based stability analysis prove to be an efficient approach in testing the genotypes performance in multi-environment trials for selection of stable heat resilient cultivars. Key words: Genetic stability, Hybrids, Terminal heat stress, Wheat

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“…Moreover, positive and significant heterosis over better parent were found for plant height in the 1 st and 3 rd hybrids under two different sowing dates, number of spikes per plant in the 1 st and 3 rd hybrids on late sowing, number of grains per spike in all hybrids under optimum sown and the 1 st and 3 rd hybrids on late sowing, grain yield per plant in the 2 nd hybrid under two different sowing dates, 1000-grian weight in all hybrids under two different sowing dates and grain yield per plant in the 3 rd hybrid only under two different sowing dates. Also, Abd El-Aty et al (2005), Hamam (2014), Koubisy (2019) and Kumar et al (2020) found that significant positive heterosis effects relative to mid parent and better parent. Inbreeding depression (I.d) measured as reduction in performance of F2 generation relative to F1 is given in Table 5.…”

Section: Heterosis Inbreeding Depression and Potence Ratiomentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Estimations of heritability alone do not extend an concept about the expected gain in the next generation, but considered in coupling with estimates of selection response or genetic advance. The utility of heritability therefore increase when used to calculate selection restraint, which indicates the degree of gain in a traits obtained under particular selection pressure (Abd El-Aty et al, 2005;Dawwam et al, 2010;Kumar et al, 2017;Kumar et al, 2020 andAhmed, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esteimats of the Genetic Parameters for Yield and its Attributes of Wheat under Optimum and Late Sowing Dates

El-Nahas

El–Gabry

2021

Journal of Plant Production

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Generation mean analysis was used for study the natural of gene action for yield and its attributes in three hybrids of bread wheat. Six parameters model was used in three wheat hybrids under optimum sown (25 th Nov.) and late sown (25 th Des.). The results cleared that the (P1, P2, F1, F2, Bc1 and Bc2) mean values in late sown were less than the optimum sown for all the studied characters in all hybrids. Heterosis relative to midparent and better parent was found to be positive significant for most characters under optimum and late sowing dates. The relative consequence of additive and dominance effects differed for characters in all hybrids under two different sowing dates. Dominance effects were generally more important than additive for most the characters in all the studied hybrids under two different sowing dates. Indicating, dominant genes played a part in the inheritance of these characters. Dominance × dominance gene interaction was higher in extent than additive × additive and additive × dominance in most the studied traits under two different sowing dates. Indicating, these traits are greatly influenced by dominance and dominance x dominance interactions. Therefore, it is approved to lateness selection to late segregating generations to raise homozygosity. Heritability values in narrow sense were moderate to high for all the studied characters in all hybrids under two different sowing dates. Genetic advance was ranged from low to high for all characters in all hybrids under two different sowing dates.

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Heterosis for Grain Yield and Yield Components in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Over Environments

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Breeding Enrichment of Genetic Variation of Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat under Drought Stress and Well Irrigation

Breeding Enrichment of Genetic Variation of Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat under Drought Stress and Well Irrigation

Genetic stability analysis of bread wheat hybrids and parents under semi-arid eastern plains of Rajasthan

Esteimats of the Genetic Parameters for Yield and its Attributes of Wheat under Optimum and Late Sowing Dates

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