Heterosis for seed cotton yield and yield contributing traits cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Abstract

Estimation of heterosis is very important to spot out the promising hybrid combinations for commercial exploitation of heterosis and to identify the best segregants to develop varieties. The objective of this study was to estimate the heterosis of all types i.e. mid parantal heterosis, heterobeltoisis and standard heterosis for yield contributing parameters. Nine genotypes and 20 F1 hybrids developed by crossing the parental genotypes in L x T design were sown in a randomized complete block design along with RCH 659 as standard check. It was observed that the line × tester interactions made greater contribution to the total variance for yield and its attributes. Proportional contribution of lines to total variance was very low for all the traits, while testers also followed similar pattern and contributed a minimum to the total variance. However, maximum variance was extended by line x tester interaction for all the yield contributing traits studied. Out of 20 hybrids, the cross combinations namely, TCH1716 × L 765, TCH1716 × L 766, GSHV179 × L 765 and F 2453 × L 766 were accompanied by significant and positive heterosis for number of bolls per plant, boll weight, number of sympodia per plant and lint index besides seed cotton yield per plant. It indicated larger scope for heterosis breeding for commercial exploitation of heterosis. The crosses that shown desirable heterosis over standard check can be advanced for isolation of improved lines for different yield contributing traits.

Heterotic Potential of Upland Cotton Hybrids for Earliness and Yield Related Attributes

“…Days to flower is a readily apparent indicator that can identify cultivars that mature earlier (Soomro et al, 2021). By accumulating all of the above traits in descending order, the earliness index accounts for significant heterotic potential, which is vital for the crop's early development (Rani et al, 2020). To analyze heterosis performance for the development of early maturing cotton hybrids, plant breeders must understand several earliness characteristics, including days to flowering, days to first flower bud opening, days to bolls maturity period, number of nodes on the first fruiting branch, and earliness index (Chaudhary et al, 2019).…”

Heterosis Studies for Morphological and Within Boll Yield Related Traits in Gossypium Hirsutum

“…Cotton hybrids have covered around 20% of the total global acreage (Munir et al 2016). In India, hybrid cotton is cultivated in about 90% of total cotton area (Rani et al 2020). In Vietnam about 70% of total cotton area is covered by hybrids.…”

“…Lesser monopodial branches were considered because monopodial branches are vegetative branches, and a large number of monopodia cause the plant to become bushy, take up more area, and produce fewer fruits (Rani et al 2020). For monopodial branches per plant, five hybrids demonstrated substantial positive heterosis.…”