Heterosis Studies for Yield and Yield Component Characters in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Patil, Babagouda S; Ahamed, M. Lal; Babu, D. Ratna

doi:10.5958/2230-732x.2017.00056.0

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The positive and significant heterosis observed for PH is evidence of the increase in plant vigor upon crossing. This result is in agreement with the previous report [6,7,23]. Beyene reported the range value from 36.0% to 115.0% for EH and from 25.7% to 95.2% for PH against mid-parents, he also reported the value of BPH ranged from 22.8% to 97.5% and 13.5 to 74.9% for EH and PH, respectively.…”

Section: Probabilty Level Df = Degree Of Freedom Gy = Grain Yield (T/...supporting

confidence: 93%

“…The magnitude of MPH and BPH ranged from -18.52% (L15xT1) to 53.51% (L14xT1) for MPH and from -25.13% (L15xT1) to 40.62% (L8xT2) for BPH (Table 6). The result obtained for MPH and BPH from Ambo, a place where high rainfall was recorded, is in line with the result reported by Birhanu [6], Beyene [7], and Patil et al [23]. They reported positive and significant heterosis over the midparent and better parent.…”

Section: Probabilty Level Df = Degree Of Freedom Gy = Grain Yield (T/...supporting

confidence: 89%

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Mid-parent and Better Parent Heterosis Study on Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Mekasha

Chere

Woreti

2022

IJPSS

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Determination of heterosis in maize hybrids is necessary for the identification of superior F1 hybrids for breeding programs. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the amount of mid parent (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) for grain yield, yield-related, agronomic, and morphological traits. Hybrid development from fixed inbred lines is one of the strategies for the improvement of maize production. The national average maize yield in Ethiopia is low and thus, selection of promising germplasm, knowledge of combining ability, and heterotic grouping are prerequisites to developing high-yielding maize varieties. Forty-two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) crosses (21 inbred lines each crossed with two testers) along with three popular standard hybrids were evaluated in two replications using alpha lattice during the 2017 cropping season at Ambo and, Arsi-Negele. Parental line trials consisting of 21 lines, two testers, and one conventional maize (CM) parent check (FS67) were established in two replications laid out using RCBD side by side with the hybrid trials at Ambo and Arsi-Negele. At Ambo, almost all crosses showed positive and significant BPH except three crosses (L1xT1, L4xT1, and L13xT1). The maximum BPH (276.2%) was obtained from L17xT2. Similarly, at Arsi-Negele, most of the crosses had positive and significant BPH except for five crosses for BPH which are showing negative heterosis. The highest BPH was obtained from L10xT2 at Arsi-Negele. Generally, the high yielding crosses had reasonable BPH. Based on the result promising crosses and lines were identified. Some of the crosses showed good performance in terms of heterosis against the mid parent and better parent: L17xT2 (329.88% MPH, 276.18% BPH), L3xT2(320.05% MPH, 273.91%BPH), and L19xT2(2802.57% MPH, 247.31% BPH) at Ambo, whereas at Arsi-Negele L10xT2 (128.38% MPH, 111.27%BPH) and L11xT2(115.33% MPH, 98.00% BPH) showed the higher heterosis compared with the mid parent and better parent. Crosses that showed best yield performance were: L8xT2, L7xT1, L8xT1, L19xT1, L6xT2, and L18xT1. These crosses should be reconsidered for further evaluation and possible release.

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Section: Probabilty Level Df = Degree Of Freedom Gy = Grain Yield (T/...supporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Probabilty Level Df = Degree Of Freedom Gy = Grain Yield (T/...supporting

confidence: 89%

Mid-parent and Better Parent Heterosis Study on Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Mekasha

Chere

Woreti

2022

IJPSS

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“…At Arsi-Negele SH ranged from -31.64% (L2xT2) to 8.76% (L7xT1) for PH and from -44.38 (L3xT1) to 16.85 (L7xT1) for EH (Table 7). The result of this study is in line with the negative SH reported by Berhanu [5] and Patil et al [23]. At Kulumsa, the orthogonal contrast of cross-vs-check was nonsignificant due to this, the estimation of SH was not done.…”

Section: Standard Heterosis At An Individual Locationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Standard Heterosis Estimation for Quality Protein Maize Hybrids Over Best Released and Commercialized Hybrids

Mekasha

Chere²,

Seyoum³

2022

IJPSS

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Maize plays an indispensable role in meeting high food demand. It is globally one of the most widely adopted and cultivated crops. Hybrid development from fixed inbred lines is one of the tactics to boost maize production. The national average maize yield in Ethiopia is low and thus, selection of promising germplasm, knowledge of combining ability, and heterotic grouping are prerequisites to develop high-yielding maize varieties. Forty-two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) single crosses (21 inbred lines each crossed with two testers) along with three popular standard hybrid checks were evaluated in two replications using alpha lattice design during the 2017 cropping season at Ambo, Arsi-Negele, and Kulumsa. The objective of this study was to estimate standard heterosis for grain yield (GY), and other agronomic and morphological characters. Significant difference among crosses was observed for 19 traits at Ambo, 14 traits at Arsi-Negele, and 19 traits at Kulumsa in the hybrid trial. For GY, at Ambo, almost all crosses showed negative heterosis against the best check (AMH853). At Arsi-Negele 14 crosses had positive standard heterosis, from these only three crosses: L8xT1 (50.8%), L8xT2 (46.6%), and L7xT1 (33.9%) showed significant difference against Jibat but at Kulumsa, the difference for standard heterosis was positive but non-significant only by two crosses: (L7xT1 (6.6%) and L19xT1 (4.7%). Based on mean grain yield and standard heterosis, L8xT2, L7xT1, L8xT1, L19xT1, L6xT2, and L18xT1 are promising. The study of the results highlighted that the breeding program was successful in generating superior QPM hybrids. Based on the finding we suggest that it is better to use the parents of theses hybrids as potential source materials in the breeding program through to form different crosses formation.

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“…This signifies the nonavailability of variation among genotypes investigated for these traits. But, Reddy and Jabeen (2016), Gemechu et al (2017) and Patil et al (2017) found positive and negative and significant standard heterosis for number of kernels per row and 1000 kernel weight and indicated the possibility of exploitation of the crosses for commercial release. According to Singh (2015), heterosis was positively correlated with genetic distance and specific combining ability.…”

Section: Standard Heterosismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The current study found none of crosses with significant standard heterosis for days to 50% anthesis and silking towards the desirable direction, which was in agreement with the findings of Dufera et al (2018). This states the lack of genetic divergence among crosses for selection of early flowering materials; however, Ram et al (2015), Patil et al (2017) and Natol et al (2017) found negative and significant standard heterosis for days to 50% anthesis and suggested that earliness is a desirable character. For anthesis-silking interval, crosses L6 x T1, L9 x T2, L11 x T2, L12 x T2, L19 x T2 and L22 x T1 revealed negative and significant standard heterosis with respective values of -6.99, -10.38, -8.09, -11.58, -10.38 and -9.22%.…”

Section: Standard Heterosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard heterosis and trait association of maize inbred lines using line x tester mating design in Ethiopia

Abebe¹,

Wolde²,

Gebreselassie³

2020

Afr. J. Plant Sci.

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Maize is one of the high priority crops to feed the ever increasing population in Africa, however, its production limited by shortage of high yielding variety coupled with biotic and abiotic stresses. The study was initiated to evaluate the heterotic performances of the F 1 hybrids over the standard checks (Kolba and Jibat). Fifty entries consists 48 F 1 single crosses developed from 24 inbred lines and 2 testers using line x tester design and two commercial check hybrids used in the study. The experiment was conducted using alpha lattice design with two replications at Ambo and Holeta Agricultural Research Center. Analysis of variance revealed existence of significant genetic variation among genotypes for all studied traits except for plant aspect. Location x entry interaction for most of the traits was not significant which suggests hybrid performance was consistent across tested locations. The magnitude of standard heterosis over Kolba and Jibat for grain yield ranged from-40.31 (L13 x T1) to 32.44% (L23 x T1). Cross L23 x T1 exhibited maximum standard heterosis (32.44%) over Kolba and Jibat for grain yield followed by L11 x T1 (22.18%). Positive and significant genotypic, phenotypic correlation coefficient were recorded for yield with plant height (rg=48** and rp=40**), ear height, ear per plant, number of kernels per row, ears length, ear diameter and number of kernel rows per ear. Number of ears per plan (1.08) had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by ear diameter (0.95), number of kernels per row and number of kernel rows per ear indicating the effectiveness of direct selection. Finally, crosses with high standard heterosis for yield and yield components could be used for developing high yielding maize hybrids in the future maize breeding program.

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Heterosis Studies for Yield and Yield Component Characters in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Mid-parent and Better Parent Heterosis Study on Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Mid-parent and Better Parent Heterosis Study on Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Standard Heterosis Estimation for Quality Protein Maize Hybrids Over Best Released and Commercialized Hybrids

Standard heterosis and trait association of maize inbred lines using line x tester mating design in Ethiopia

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