Heterotopic Pancreas in the Gallbladder

Beltrán, Marcelo A.; Barría, Carlos

doi:10.1097/mpa.0b013e31803816fc

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Active pancreatic enzymes secreted into the gallbladder and biliary tract may lead to chronic inflammation, hyperplasia, and dysplasia of the gallbladder mucosa and even to carcinoma of the gallbladder. [1314] Qizilbash[15] reported a case in which the cause of acute symptoms was the inflammation of the heterotopic pancreatic tissue, resembling acute pancreatitis. It has been suggested that pancreatic heterotopia may also be the underlying cause of other cancer, for example, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm in the jejunum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic and gastric heterotopia in the gallbladder: A rare incidental finding

Pendharkar

Khetrapal

Jairajpuri

et al. 2019

Int J App Basic Med Res

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Heterotopic or ectopic tissue is a congenital anomaly, which is defined as the presence of the tissue outside its normal location, without neural, vascular, or anatomic connection with the main body of an organ in which it normally exists. This tissue is usually discovered incidentally and may be asymptomatic or may present with nonspecific gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Pancreatic and gastric heterotopia are the two predominantly occurring heterotopic tissues in the GI tract.[ 1 2 ] The prevalence of ectopic pancreatic tissue in the GI tract ranges from 0.6% to 13.7% of autopsy series and it can be present anywhere in the GI tract with the most common localizations being stomach (27.5%), duodenum (25.5%), colon (15.9%), esophagus, and Meckel's diverticulum.[ 3 4 5 ] It is a rare finding in the gallbladder and its prevalence has not been ascertained due to lack of large-scale studies and systematic review of literature. Similarly, heterotopic gastric tissue is common throughout the GI tract from the tongue to the rectum,[ 6 7 ] but it is extremely rare in the gallbladder with only around 34 cases reported in literature so far, while other cases of different types of heterotopic tissues in the gallbladder such as liver tissue and others such as adrenal and thyroid tissues have been described.[ 8 ] The most common presentation of ectopic tissue in the gallbladder is colicky pain in the epigastrium or right upper quadrant sometimes associated with nausea and vomiting. Here, we are presenting two incidentally detected cases, each of gastric and pancreatic heterotopias in the gallbladder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic and gastric heterotopia in the gallbladder: A rare incidental finding

Pendharkar

Khetrapal

Jairajpuri

et al. 2019

Int J App Basic Med Res

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“…It is defined as the growth of pancreatic tissue outside of the pancreas, with no anatomic or vascular connection with normal pancreatic tissue. [ 1 2 ] It has been identified in a variety of sites in the gastrointestinal tract. Common locations include the gastric antrum, jejunum, and Meckel's diverticulum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytology findings in pancreatic heterotopia, a potential pitfall for malignancy: A case report and literature review

Raddaoui

Alsharabi

Almadi

2015

Saudi J Gastroenterol

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Pancreatic heterotopia is a rare congenital disorder occurring at a variety of sites in the gastrointestinal tract. It is rarely symptomatic. Despite advances in diagnostic techniques, it still remains a challenge to the clinician to differentiate it from a neoplasm. Cytologic characteristics of pancreatic heterotopia in general are rarely described in the literature. We report the cytologic characteristics of heterotopic pancreatic tissue at the gastric outlet in a 48-year-old female. The patient underwent surgical excision due to symptoms related to the lesion. Endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration is increasingly used for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors, which makes the recognition of certain endoscopically unreachable lesions an important step in optimal patient management.

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“…Another theory postulate heterotopic pancreas in the gallbladder may play a role in origin of GB-NETs. The enzyme secreted by the heterotopic pancreas would damage the gallbladder mucosa and lead to metaplasia, which was believed as a possible etiology for GB-NETs [19,20]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful treatment of gallbladder mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy

et al. 2012

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Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) carcinomas rarely occur in the gallbladder. Here we reported a case of giant gallbladder unresectable mass with local liver invasion and omentum metastasis, which proved to be neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) by biopsy, received successful radical operation after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy plus somatostatin treatment. The patient showed good response as the neoplasm diminished dramatically and showed clear margin after 6 courses of treatment. A radical operation including cholecystectomy, hepatic wedge resection of the gallbladder fossa segment and lymph node of group 8a and 8p resection was performed successfully. Postoperative histopathological examination revealed neuroendocrine carcinoma mixed with adenocarcinoma in the gallbladder wall. Followed up showed no evidence of recurrence after 7 months of the operation. We suggest that neo-adjuvant chemotherapy may be beneficial to gallbladder mixed neuroendocrine carcinomas in an advanced stage which could also be advantageous to NEC of other organs.Virtual slideshttp://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2731892837743787

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Heterotopic Pancreas in the Gallbladder

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Pancreatic and gastric heterotopia in the gallbladder: A rare incidental finding

Pancreatic and gastric heterotopia in the gallbladder: A rare incidental finding

Cytology findings in pancreatic heterotopia, a potential pitfall for malignancy: A case report and literature review

Successful treatment of gallbladder mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy

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