Heterotrophic respiration in drained tropical peat is greatly affected by temperature—a passive ecosystem cooling experiment

Jauhiainen, Jyrki; Kerojoki, Otto; Silvennoinen, Hanna; Limin, Suwido H.; Vasander, Harri

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/10/105013

Cited by 89 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Within the range of moisture contents found at the 2006 sites (around 20% volumetric moisture content), greater soil water content increased CO 2 emissions suggesting moisture limitation of decomposition. This may, in part, explain why higher temperatures did not substantially increase emissions, as in contrast to finding on Kalimantan, where peat with moisture contents of 70-80% responded strongly to higher temperatures (Jauhiainen et al 2014). Although the average soil moisture content did not vary between the two plantations, the short duration of sampling (2-3 days each month) does not represent long-term moisture values, which are likely to be influenced by the variations in canopy coverage and evaporation rates between the old and the new tree stands.…”

Section: Environmental Controls Of Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 58%

High heterotrophic CO2 emissions from a Malaysian oil palm plantation during dry-season

Matysek

Evers

Samuel

et al. 2017

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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Tropical peatlands are currently being rapidly cleared and drained for the establishment of oil palm plantations, which threatens their globally significant carbon sequestration capacity. Large-scale land conversion of tropical peatlands is important in the context of greenhouse gas emission factors and sustainable land management. At present, quantification of carbon dioxide losses from tropical peatlands is limited by our understanding of the relative contribution of heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration to net peat surface CO 2 emissions. In this study we separated heterotrophic and autotrophic components of peat CO 2 losses from two oil palm plantations (one established in '2000' and the other in 1978, then replanted in '2006') using chamber-based emissions sampling along a transect from the rooting to non-rooting zones on a peatland in Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia over the course of 3 months (June-August, 2014). Collar CO 2 measurements were compared with soil temperature and moisture at site and also accompanied by depth profiles assessing peat C and bulk density. The soil respiration decreased exponentially with distance from the palm trunks with the sharpest decline found for the plantation with the younger palms with overall fluxes of 1341 and 988 mg CO 2 m -2 h -1 , respectively, at the 2000 and 2006 plantations, respectively. The mean heterotrophic flux was 909 ± SE 136 and 716 ± SE 201 mg m -2 h -1 at the 2000 and 2006 plantations, respectively. Autotrophic emissions adjacent to the palm trunks were 845 ± SE 135 and 1558 ± SE 341 mg m -2 h -1 at the 2000 and 2006 plantations, respectively. Heterotrophic CO 2 flux was positively related to peat soil moisture, but not temperature. Total peat C stocks were 60 kg m -2 (down to 1 m depth) and did not vary among plantations of different ages but SOC concentrations declined significantly with depth at both plantations

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Section: Environmental Controls Of Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 58%

High heterotrophic CO2 emissions from a Malaysian oil palm plantation during dry-season

Matysek

Evers

Samuel

et al. 2017

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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“…On a broad scale, carbon loss from organic soil in temperate climate conditions is larger than in the boreal region (Armentano & Menges, 1986). No evidence of soil carbon or ecosystem net sink after drainage can be found for tropical climate (Hirano et al, 2008;Sundari et al, 2012;Jauhiainen et al, 2014). Drainage of tropical peatlands may result in extreme CO 2 -C emissions (Comeau et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon stock changes in transitional mire drained for forestry in Latvia: a case study

Lupikis¹,

Lazdiņš²

2017

Research for Rural Development

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The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of drainage on soil carbon stock in a transitional mire drained for forestry. The study site is located in the central part of Latvia representing hemiboreal vegetation zone. Site was drained in 1960. It is located in a catchment area of the river Veseta. An undrained site at the same catchment area was chosen for control (ca. 2.5 km between sites). In both sites, the depth of peat is 4 -4.5 m. Drained site is dominated by coniferous trees. Soil samples collected in 2014 were used to determine bulk density and carbon content, and to calculate soil carbon stock. Samples were collected down to 80 cm depth. Ground surface elevation was measured before and several times after the drainage to determine peat subsidence. Carbon stock has increased by 0.3 tons ha -1 yr 1 after drainage, although peat has subsided on average by 26 cm (13 -48 cm). Subsidence was mainly caused by physical shrinkage of peat not by organic matter oxidation. Drainage was followed by compaction of aerated soil layer, which has caused most of the subsidence, especially during the first years after drainage. Soil bulk density has increased almost twice at soil surface layer 0 -10 cm (from 75 kg m 3 to 141 kg m 3 ). Differences decrease at deeper sampling depths. It is concluded that drainage is not always followed by reduction of carbon stock in soil. Increased above and below ground litter production rates may offset accelerated decomposition of organic matter after drainage.

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“…Faktor-faktor lingkungan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap besarnya emisi karbon dari lahan gambut adalah suhu dan kelembapan tanah, serta electrical conductivity (EC), atau daya hantar listrik (Saiz et al 2007;Setia et al 2011). Ketiga faktor ini sangat berfluktuasi dari hari ke hari tergantung dari faktor iklim dan hidrologis sehingga berdampak pada tingginya fluktuasi emisi karbon (Hirano et al 2014;Jauhiainen et al 2014;Marwanto & Agus 2014). Untuk itu diperlukan usahausaha untuk melakukan pengukuran dan monitoring emisi CO 2 dari lahan gambut dan parameter lingkungan biofisik yang memengaruhinya.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Environmental Biophysics and CO2 Emission in Bare Peatland for Sustainable Biomass Production

Chadirin¹,

Saptomo²,

Rudiyanto³

et al. 2016

JIPI

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ABSTRAKLingkungan biofisik lahan gambut fluktuatif dan berpengaruh terhadap emisi CO2 tanah. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan sistem monitoring lingkungan biofisik dan emisi CO2 yang dapat mengukur secara kontinu sehingga dapat diketahui jumlah emisi karbon tahunan yang lebih akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem monitoring lingkungan biofisik di lahan gambut dan hubungannya dengan emisi CO2 dari lahan gambut terbuka tanpa vegetasi. Sistem pengukuran dan monitoring parameter lingkungan biofisik yang telah disusun telah dapat berfungsi dengan baik yang meliputi parameter cuaca dan lingkungan biofisik dalam tanah (suhu, kelembapan tanah, dan tinggi muka air tanah). Emisi karbon yang terukur pada lahan gambut terbuka tanpa vegetasi sebesar 62,25 ton CO2/ha/tahun. Emisi karbon memiliki hubungan positif dengan temperatur tanah namun memiliki hubungan negatif dengan kelembapan tanah dan curah hujan. PENDAHULUANIndonesia memiliki luas daratan sekitar 188,2 juta ha, terdiri dari lahan kering dan rawa. Di wilayah Asia Tenggara, Indonesia termasuk negara dengan luas lahan rawa yang terbesar, yakni luasnya sekitar 33 juta ha, 20,6 juta ha diantaranya merupakan lahan gambut. Lahan gambut tersebut sebagian besar tersebar di tiga pulau besar, yaitu Sumatera (35%), Kalimantan (32%), Papua (30%), Sulawesi (3%), dan sisanya (3%) tersebar pada areal yang sempit (Wibowo & Suyatno 1998;Wahyunto et al. 2005a;Wahyunto & Heryanto 2005b). Lahan gambut merupakan tanah organik yang mempunyai kandungan karbon tinggi dan salah satu sumber daya alam yang mempunyai fungsi hidrorologi.Luas lahan gambut yang demikian besar menjadi tantangan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan pertanian untuk menghasilkan bahan pangan maupun bahan baku industri kehutanan. Melalui pengelolaan lahan gambut berkelanjutan (sustainable peatland management), lahan gambut dapat dikelola menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit dan hutan tanaman industri dengan meminimalkan dampak kerusakan lingkungan. Tanaman sawit dan akasia yang ditanam di lahan gambut berfungsi sebagai penambat (sequester) karbon melalui proses fotosintesa dan karbon disimpan sebagai biomassa tanaman. Proses penambatan karbon melalui proses fotosintesa ini mampu mengimbangi hilangnya cadangan karbon dalam tanah yang teroksidasi menjadi emisi gas CO 2 .Disadari bahwa emisi karbon dari lahan gambut sangatlah berfluktuasi tergantung banyak faktor diantaranya iklim, tanah, dan hidrologis. Faktor-faktor lingkungan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap besarnya emisi karbon dari lahan gambut adalah suhu dan kelembapan tanah, serta electrical conductivity (EC), atau daya hantar listrik (Saiz et al. 2007;Setia et al.

show abstract

Heterotrophic respiration in drained tropical peat is greatly affected by temperature—a passive ecosystem cooling experiment

Cited by 89 publications

References 53 publications

High heterotrophic CO2 emissions from a Malaysian oil palm plantation during dry-season

High heterotrophic CO2 emissions from a Malaysian oil palm plantation during dry-season

Soil carbon stock changes in transitional mire drained for forestry in Latvia: a case study

Environmental Biophysics and CO2 Emission in Bare Peatland for Sustainable Biomass Production

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