Hexa-band pattern reconfigurable antenna with defected ground plane

Compact reconfigurable antenna with pattern diversity for K band applications

“…A windmill‐shaped reconfigurable feeding network has been used in Cheng et al 3 A pattern reconfigurable back‐to‐back patch antenna and feed using PIN diode has presented in Yang et al 4 Six parasitic patches were printed on a circular disc with a circular patch in center and fed by six diodes 1 . Two orthogonal monopoles activated using pin diodes were presented in Raman et al 5 In Singh et al, 6 pattern reconfigurability is achieved using split ring resonator and rectangular slots. Two meandered slots and one monopole fed by three PIN diode's network are used and achieved pattern reconfigurable antenna 7 .…”

Design and implementation of a compact tri‐band four‐port multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna

“…Previously, multifunctional devices used multiple antennas for different applications, but due to technological advancements, the multiple resonating elements have been replaced by a single resonating element with the multiband operation. In the open literature, various techniques for the development of multiband antennas have been investigated and reported 1–6 . Multiband operation can be achieved by loading slots or slits in the patch/ground plane, 1,2 etching meta‐structures, 3,4 using electromagnetic bandgap (EBG), 5 and fractal geometry 6 …”

“…In the open literature, various techniques for the development of multiband antennas have been investigated and reported 1–6 . Multiband operation can be achieved by loading slots or slits in the patch/ground plane, 1,2 etching meta‐structures, 3,4 using electromagnetic bandgap (EBG), 5 and fractal geometry 6 …”

“…In the open literature, various techniques for the development of multiband antennas have been investigated and reported. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Multiband operation can be achieved by loading slots or slits in the patch/ ground plane, 1,2 etching meta-structures, 3,4 using electromagnetic bandgap (EBG), 5 and fractal geometry. 6 Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems have several advantages over single-input-single-output systems, including higher data rates, improved coverage, and channel noise and interference immunity.…”