Hexagonal boron nitride: Epitaxial growth and device applications

Maity, Avisek; Grenadier, S. J.; Li, Jing; Lin, J. Y.; Jiang, Hongxing

doi:10.1016/j.pquantelec.2020.100302

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Most conventional neutron detecting devices require a gaseous component with 3 He that is rare and short in supply, meanwhile h-BN present a promising solidstate alternative for portable detectors for national security as well as preventing illicit transport of materials at ports of entry. [40][41][42][43][44][45][46]101,318,319] CVD based growth of few, and monolayer h-BN has enabled a host of applications that require one or only a few atomic layers. Monolayer and few-layered h-BN were first demonstrated as tunnel barriers in tunneling transistors and spintronic devices from exfoliated crystals.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Scalable Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h‐BN) Synthesis for Present and Future Applications

2022

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Ga-N, In-P, etc. Crystalline BN has typically been perceived as a purely synthetic material, [1] however geological findings provide evidence of structures similar to BN in rocks. [2] BN exhibits several stable crystal forms (see Figure 1A), for example, i) sp 3 bonded cubic and wurtzite forms; and ii) sp 2 bonded hexagonal and rhombohedral forms. [3] The cubic BN (c-BN) form has "zincblende" type crystal structure consisting of overlapping fcc cubic lattices consisting of B and N atoms. The c-BN crystal structure is analogous to that of diamond. The wurtzite form of BN (w-BN) is also sp 3 bonded like c-BN, however the wurtzite form consists of a hexagonal lattice with each ring sitting in a boat configuration. The w-BN crystal structure is analogous to that of the rare lonsdaleite, a carbon allotrope formed from graphite under immense heat and pressure. [4] Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a layered hexagonal crystal (a = 2.505 Å and c = 6.653 Å) belonging to the P6 3 /mmc space group with a structure analogous to that of graphite. [11,12] Alternating B and N atoms are sp 2 bonded in-plane to form a hexagonal lattice and several such layers are stacked to form the bulk h-BN crystal (Figure 1B). [11,12] The BN sp 2 bonding results in strong in-plane σ bonds leading to high in-plane thermal conductivity, chemical stability and strength, while empty π orbitals make h-BN electrically insulating (bandgap ≈ 5.955 eV). [3,13] The in-plane BN bonds exhibit ionic behavior due to the stronger electronegativity of the N atoms and results in layer to layer interactions between h-BN layers leading to AA′ stacking configuration, that is, each N atom in one layer is directly above the B atoms of the next layer (Figure 1B). [14] In addition to AA′ stacking, AB stacking (Bernal stacking) has also been occasionally observed in thin h-BN films even though this is a higher energy configuration. [15,5] Finally, BN is also observed in rhombohedral form (r-BN). Each layer of r-BN is the same crystal structure as that of h-BN (Figure 1A), however r-BN follows an ABC stacking configuration whereby boron still sits atop nitrogen atoms, except layers are offset such that the 1 and 3 atoms (N and N for example) sit atop the 4 and 6 atoms (B and B in this example) of the ring below. [3] Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a layered inorganic synthetic crystal exhibiting high temperature stability and high thermal conductivity. As a ceramic material it has been widely used for thermal management, heat shielding, lubrication, and as a filler material for structural composites. Recent scientific advances in isolating atomically thin monolayers from layered van der Waals crystals to study their unique properties has propelled research interest in mono/few layered h-BN as a wide bandgap insulating support for nanoscale electronics, tunnel barriers, communications, neutron detectors, optics, sensing, novel separations, quantum emission from defects, among others. Realizing these futuristic applications hinges on scalable cost-effective high-qual...

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Scalable Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h‐BN) Synthesis for Present and Future Applications

2022

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“…Furthermore, during high-voltage operation, the low thermal conductivity of polymers (0.1–0.5 W m/K) can lead to local heat concentration due to the insufficient heat dissipation, which further accelerating the aging process of dielectric materials. Recently, adding inorganic nanofillers with high thermal conductivity, such as boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS), to the polymer matrix is proven to be a promising method for the development of dielectric polymer composites with enhanced thermal conductivity. − In addition, due to the high bandgap of the BNNS with two-dimensional sheet structure, it also helps to improve the breakdown strength and reduce the leakage of current from the polymer composites. Core–shell fillers as well as multilayer polymer composites have been investigated widely to enhance the breakdown strength and energy density by reducing the local field strength distortion and improving the interface interaction between fillers and polymer matrix. − Furthermore, with the rapid development of computer technology, the computer-aided simulations, such as finite element simulation, phase field simulation, molecular dynamics calculation, etc., are also playing an increasingly important role in material design and performance prediction, which help to deepen the understanding of the relationship between the performance and structure of polymer-based film capacitors. − Although the polymer-based nanocomposites have made outstanding achievements in the field of energy storage, pure polymers still dominate in the process of scalable, continuous, and large-scale industrial preparation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress and Future Prospects on All-Organic Polymer Dielectrics for Energy Storage Capacitors

et al. 2021

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With the development of advanced electronic devices and electric power systems, polymer-based dielectric film capacitors with high energy storage capability have become particularly important. Compared with polymer nanocomposites with widespread attention, all-organic polymers are fundamental and have been proven to be more effective choices in the process of scalable, continuous, and large-scale industrial production, leading to many dielectric and energy storage applications. In the past decade, efforts have intensified in this field with great progress in newly discovered dielectric polymers, fundamental production technologies, and extension toward emerging computational strategies. This review summarizes the recent progress in the field of energy storage based on conventional as well as heat-resistant all-organic polymer materials with the focus on strategies to enhance the dielectric properties and energy storage performances. The key parameters of all-organic polymers, such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, breakdown strength, energy density, and charge–discharge efficiency, have been thoroughly studied. In addition, the applications of computer-aided calculation including density functional theory, machine learning, and materials genome in rational design and performance prediction of polymer dielectrics are reviewed in detail. Based on a comprehensive understanding of recent developments, guidelines and prospects for the future development of all-organic polymer materials with dielectric and energy storage applications are proposed.

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“…[ 51 ] h‐BN not only exhibits superior chemical inertness, thermal stability, oxidation resistance, and thermal conductivity over the aforementioned lubricants, but is also pollution free. [ 52 ] Geng et al developed a CoCrFeNiAl HEA composite by incorporating Ag and h‐BN through SPS technology. [ 53 ] The CoCrFeNiAl HEA composite exhibited superior wear performance below 600 °C, which was due to the formation of the lamellar h‐BN and Ag tribo‐layer that suppresses the three‐body abrasive and oxidation wear.…”

Section: The Tribological Performances Of Heas Under High‐temperature...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Tribological Performances of High‐Entropy Alloys

Chen

Zhu

2022

Adv Eng Mater

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Wear is an important form of material loss and failure, and it is usually inevitable in almost all mechanical systems with moving parts. The durability and reliability of engineering components are closely related to their wear resistance. Developing advanced materials to alleviate energy and materials losses in moving mechanical systems still remains a great challenge nowadays. The emergence of novel high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) that compose of multiple principal elements holds great promise for the development of materials with extraordinary wear resistance, due to their high hardness, high wear resistance, and excellent corrosion resistance. Herein, the current research progress of the tribology of HEAs under different conditions is reviewed, including high temperature, dry condition, corrosion solution, and oil lubrication. Specifically, the effects of compositions, microstructures, lubricants, and protective oxide layers on the tribological performance of HEAs are summarized. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms that are responsible for the excellent wear resistance of HEAs under different conditions are discussed. Finally, the current challenges and the future outlooks are emphasized and addressed systematically. In view of the excellent tribological performances and the diversity of compositional design, HEAs have great potential to be applied in a wide range of mechanical systems to minimize wear.

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Hexagonal boron nitride: Epitaxial growth and device applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 143 publications

A Review of Scalable Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h‐BN) Synthesis for Present and Future Applications

A Review of Scalable Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h‐BN) Synthesis for Present and Future Applications

Recent Progress and Future Prospects on All-Organic Polymer Dielectrics for Energy Storage Capacitors

A Review on the Tribological Performances of High‐Entropy Alloys

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