Hexagonal Carbon Nanoplates Decorated with Layer-Engineered MoS₂: High-Performance Cathode Materials for Zinc-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Hexagonal carbon nanoplates bearing MoS2 (HCN@MoS2) were synthesized using two-dimensional (2D) microporous organic polymers as templating materials. The layer number of MoS2 in HCN@MoS2 and the 2D morphology of composites were critical factors to achieve high-performance cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. The best cathode performance was obtained with HCN@MoS2 bearing 2–3 layered MoS2 (HCN@MoS2-2), showing excellent discharge capacities of 602 mAh/g (@50 mA/g), 498 mAh/g (@0.1 A/g), and 328 mAh/g (@1 A/g). The promising electrochemical performance of HCN@MoS2-2 is attributable to the facilitated insertion of zinc ions into 2–3 layered MoS2 due to the reduced lattice energy and the efficient electrochemical utilization of composite materials.

Crystal water intercalated interlayer expanded MoS2 nanosheets as a cathode for efficient zinc-ion storage

“…On substituting σ , D Zn was calculated to be 1.61 × 10 −13 cm 2 s −1 , which is in accordance with the GITT results. Based on the above results, it can be argued that the crystal water intercalation is assisting the electrochemical performance of MoS 2 as the ZIB cathode in the following ways: (i) crystal water intercalation expands the interlayer spacing of MoS 2 , which significantly reduces its diffusion barrier and mitigates the volume expansion during intercalation/extraction of Zn 2+ ions, 34 (ii) the presence of crystal water reduces the electrostatic repulsion between positive Zn 2+ ions and anions of the host material, which results in better diffusion kinetics, 33 and (iii) crystal water can improve the hydrophilicity of MoS 2 by acting as a lubricant, which further accelerates the ion transportation. 17,35…”

Zn, Fe Dual-Atom Sites Catalyst Constructed by Metal Vacancy Strategy for Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Zn-Air Battery

“…Raman spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the graphitization degree of carbons (Figure S7), where the Dband (1351 cm −1 ) and G-band (1594 cm −1 ), respectively, stand for the defective and graphitized carbon. 57,58 The ratio between D-band and G-band is often utilized to investigate the graphitization degree of carbons. 59,60 It is apparent that the increase of the secondary pyrolysis temperature (I D /I G : Zn, Fe/NC-700 > Zn/NC > Zn, Fe/NC-800 > Zn, Fe/NC-900 > Zn, Fe/NC-1000 = 1.23 > 1.20 > 1.19 > 1.14 > 1.01) can enhance the graphitization of carbons.…”

Recent advance and design strategies of chalcogenides for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries

“…These limitations result in unsatisfactory storage of Zn 2+ ions. To overcome these challenges, it is advantageous to combine host materials with conductive materials, as this promotes charge transport kinetics, hydrophilicity, and the potential for synergistic effects, ultimately improving the electrochemical properties of the system [119][120][121][122][123][124]. For instance, Kang et al synthesized hexagonal carbon nanoplates with embedded MoS 2 (HCN@MoS 2 ) using 2D microporous organic polymers as templates (figure 10(k)) [120].…”

“…To overcome these challenges, it is advantageous to combine host materials with conductive materials, as this promotes charge transport kinetics, hydrophilicity, and the potential for synergistic effects, ultimately improving the electrochemical properties of the system [119][120][121][122][123][124]. For instance, Kang et al synthesized hexagonal carbon nanoplates with embedded MoS 2 (HCN@MoS 2 ) using 2D microporous organic polymers as templates (figure 10(k)) [120]. Notably, the HCN@MoS 2 with 2-3 layered MoS 2 (HCN@MoS 2 -2) exhibited an impressive discharge capacity of 602 mA h g −1 at 50 mA g −1 and a high rate capability of 328 mA h g −1 at 1 A g −1 , which can be attributed to the reduced lattice energy and efficient electrochemical utilization of the composite material (figure 10(l)).…”