Hexavalent chromium ion removal from wastewater using novel nanocomposite based on the impregnation of zero-valent iron nanoparticles into polyurethane foam

Abstract

In this study, we developed a novel nanocomposite, polyurethane foam impregnated with zero-valent iron nanoparticles (PU@nZVI), for the effective removal of chromium(VI) from various water sources. The characterization of nanocomposite (PU@nZVI) was performed by XRD, SEM–EDS, TEM and FT-IR techniques. Using the response surface methodology, we optimized the removal conditions, achieving an optimal pH of 2 and a dose of 0.5 g/L. The PU@nZVI demonstrated an excellent maximum adsorption capacity of 600.0 mg/g for Cr6+. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were best described by the pseudo-second-order model and the Freundlich isotherm, respectively. Significantly, the nanocomposite removed 99.98% of Cr6+ from tap water, 96.81% from industrial effluent, and 94.57% from treated sewage wastewater. Furthermore, the PU@nZVI maintained its efficiency over five adsorption–desorption cycles, highlighting its reusability. These results suggest that the PU@nZVI nanocomposite is a highly efficient and sustainable option for chromium(VI) removal in water treatment applications.

Non-Dispersive Extraction of Chromium(VI) by Cyphos IL102/Solvesso 100 Using the Pseudo-Emulsion-Based Strip Dispersion Membrane Operation

“…Deep eutectic solvents formed by mixtures of tetra-n-octyl ammonium bromide and carboxylic acids [ 6 ] or amide C1 4 H 29 NO [ 7 ] are used to investigate the removal of this element from various aqueous media. Impregnating resins or polymer materials with DEHPA or ionic liquids (Cyphos IL 101, Cyphos IL 104 [ 8 ]) are technologies that have been investigated in the removal of chromium(VI), whereas adsorption using nanocomposites [ 9 ], biochar [ 10 ], or activated carbon [ 11 ] are recent examples of various adsorbents used in this role.…”