HFRAS: design of a high-density feature representation model for effective augmentation of satellite images

Abstract

Efficiently extracting features from satellite images is crucial for classification and post-processing activities. Many feature representation models have been created for this purpose. However, most of them either increase computational complexity or decrease classification efficiency. The proposed model in this paper initially collects a set of available satellite images and represents them via a hybrid of long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) features. These features are processed via an iterative genetic algorithm, identifying optimal augmentation methods for the extracted feature sets. To analyse the efficiency of this optimization process, we model an iterative fitness function that assists in incrementally improving the classification process. The fitness function uses an accuracy & precision-based feedback mechanism, which helps in tuning the hyperparameters of the proposed LSTM & GRU feature extraction process. The suggested model used 100 k images, 60% allocated for training and 20% each designated for validation and testing purposes. The proposed model can increase classification precision by 16.1% and accuracy by 17.1% compared to conventional augmentation strategies. The model also showcased incremental accuracy enhancements for an increasing number of training image sets.

Cooperative Caching and Resource Allocation in Integrated Satellite–Terrestrial Networks

“…For conventional satellite networks with just data routing and forwarding, terminal users need to access internet services from the ground by satellite networks, which can result in high service latency and large network load [9][10][11]. Considering the characteristics of global seamless coverage and low transmission latency for LEO satellite networks, satellite edge caching, as viewed as a new paradigm, can provide edge caching services for terminal users, where caching servers are placed on LEO satellites.…”