“…That discrimination occurs in a paradoxical way which represents an alternative to imprisonment for some, while for others, incarceration becomes more likely (Phelps, 2013). Probation is thus fertile ground for potentiating an orientation to rehabilitation (Canton and Dominey, 2018;RA Duff, 2003;Durnescu, 2011;McNeill, 2011;Mcwilliams and Pease, 1990;Ward and Maruna, 2007); as well as the possibility for architectural reform in the context of penal aesthetics, choice-making, and design (Jewkes, 2017(Jewkes, , 2018McNeill, 2006;Phillips, 2014;Shah, 2020;Tidmarsh, 2021). While the value of a therapeutic alliance in probation practice means working with criminalised people (Ricciardelli, 2018), a paradigm governed by risk is convergent with the values of criminal desistance (McNeill, 2006;Ward and Maruna, 2007).…”