Hidden momentum and black hole kicks

Gralla, Samuel E.; Herrmann, Frank

doi:10.1088/0264-9381/30/20/205009

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There is no potential energy involved (cf. [82][83][84][85]), which is consistent with the fact that the static field does no work on the magnetic dipole: (77). A case of interest in the context of this work is the one depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Conserved Quantities Proper Mass and Work Done By The Fieldssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…[20,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77]). It is associated with the electromagnetic torque tensor τ αβ , and consists of a part which is gauge and arises, again, from the choice of centroid (vanishing for suitable choices, see [33] for details), plus a part that is not gauge, whose motion effects (such as the bobbings in electromagnetic systems studied in [20]) cannot in general be made to vanish by any choice of center of mass.…”

Section: Equations Of Motion For Spinning Pole-dipole Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eq. (77). But it does work on an electric dipole, both terms of (B1) contributing to it (regarding the tidal term, the reason why…”

Section: Time Component Of the Force As Measured By Generic Observersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spacetime dynamics of spinning particles: Exact electromagnetic analogies

2016

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We compare the rigorous equations describing the motion of spinning test particles in gravitational and electromagnetic fields, and show that if the Mathisson-Pirani spin condition holds then exact gravito-electromagnetic analogies emerge. These analogies provide a familiar formalism to treat gravitational problems, as well as a means for comparing the two interactions. Fundamental differences are manifest in the symmetries and time projections of the electromagnetic and gravitational tidal tensors. The physical consequences of the symmetries of the tidal tensors are explored comparing the following analogous setups: magnetic dipoles in the field of non-spinning/spinning charges, and gyroscopes in the Schwarzschild, Kerr, and Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes. The implications of the time projections of the tidal tensors are illustrated by the work done on the particle in various frames; in particular, a reciprocity is found to exist: in a frame comoving with the particle, the electromagnetic (but not the gravitational) field does work on it, causing a variation of its proper mass; conversely, for "static observers", a stationary gravitomagnetic (but not a magnetic) field does work on the particle, and the associated potential energy is seen to embody the Hawking-Wald spin-spin interaction energy. The issue of hidden momentum, and its counterintuitive dynamical implications, is also analyzed. Finally, a number of issues regarding the electromagnetic interaction and the physical meaning of Dixon's equations are clarified.

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Section: Conserved Quantities Proper Mass and Work Done By The Fieldssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Equations Of Motion For Spinning Pole-dipole Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spacetime dynamics of spinning particles: Exact electromagnetic analogies

2016

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“…(14) we have D P α /dτ = 0; also, from Eq. (35), it follows that DS α /dτ = 0 (since S α a α = 0, which can be seen substituting (30) in D P α /dτ = 0); thus M and S in (33) are constants, and the solution for the reference worldline…”

Section: The Frenkel-mathisson-pirani (Fmp) Condition Helical Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To dipole order, this dynamical part consists of a form of mechanical momentum that arises in electromagnetic systems, first discovered in [18], and since discussed in number of papers, e.g. [19][20][21], including recent works [17,22,30]. To quadrupole and higher orders, there are both electromagnetic and gravitational contributions to τ αβ , and thus to P hidτ .…”

Section: The Momentum-velocity Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Center of Mass, Spin Supplementary Conditions, and the Momentum of Spinning Particles

Costa

Natário

2015

Fundamental Theories of Physics

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We discuss the problem of defining the center of mass in general relativity and the so-called spin supplementary condition. The different spin conditions in the literature, their physical significance, and the momentum-velocity relation for each of them are analyzed in depth. The reason for the non-parallelism between the velocity and the momentum, and the concept of "hidden momentum", are dissected. It is argued that the different solutions allowed by the different spin conditions are equally valid descriptions for the motion of a given test body, and their equivalence is shown to dipole order in curved spacetime. These different descriptions are compared in simple examples.

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Universal features of gravitational waves emitted by superkick binary black hole systems

Giesler²,

Varma³

et al. 2021

Phys. Rev. D

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We use numerical relativity to study the merger and ringdown stages of "superkick" binary black hole systems (those with equal mass and antiparallel spins). We find a universal way to describe the mass and current quadrupole gravitational waves emitted by these systems during the merger and ringdown stage: (i) The time evolutions of these waves are insensitive to the progenitor's parameters (spins) after being normalized by their own peak values. (ii) The peak values, which encode all the spin information of the progenitor, can be consistently fitted to formulas inspired by post-Newtonian theory. We find that the universal evolution of the mass quadrupole wave can be accurately modeled by the so-called Backwards One-Body (BOB) model. However, the BOB model, in its present form, leads to a lower waveform match and a significant parameter-estimation bias for the current quadrupole wave. We also decompose the ringdown signal into seven overtones, and study the dependence of mode amplitudes on the progenitor's parameters. Such dependence is found to be insensitive to the overtone index (up to a scaling factor). Finally, we use the Fisher matrix technique to investigate how the ringdown waveform can be at least as important for parameter estimation as the inspiral stage. Assuming the Cosmic Explorer, we find the contribution of ringdown portion dominates as the total mass exceeds ∼250 M ⊙ . For massive binary black hole (BBH) systems, the accuracy of parameter measurement is improved by incorporating the information of ringdown-the ringdown sector gives rise to a different parameter correlation from inspiral stage; hence, the overall parameter correlation is reduced in full signal.

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Hidden momentum and black hole kicks

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Spacetime dynamics of spinning particles: Exact electromagnetic analogies

Spacetime dynamics of spinning particles: Exact electromagnetic analogies

Center of Mass, Spin Supplementary Conditions, and the Momentum of Spinning Particles

Universal features of gravitational waves emitted by superkick binary black hole systems

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