“…One of the most commonly used immunogens in rodent MIA models is polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), a commercially available synthetic analog of double‐stranded RNA that has been shown to induce an extensive collection of innate immune responses (Mueller et al., 2019). These responses lead to a wide array of abnormalities in brain morphology (Li et al., 2009; Meyer et al., 2008), in addition to neurochemical and pharmacological reactions (Zuckerman et al., 2003; Zuckerman & Weiner, 2005) that are associated with altered behaviors and cognitive abilities (Li et al., 2009; Ozawa et al., 2006; Zhao, Mohammed, et al., 2021; Zhao, Tran et al., 2021). Using the poly(I:C) model, one recent study in rats demonstrated that immune challenge at gestational day 12, but not 14, advanced the appearance of vaginal opening in females (Cakan et al., 2018).…”