Hide and seek in Arizona

Rosenthal, Robert W.; Shachat, Jason; Walker, Mark

doi:10.1007/s001820300159

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There is a notable bias with respect to the Column players; 22 out of 24 of the rejections come from z scores that are too negative and indicate strong positive serial correlation. This is consistent with the results found by Rosenthal et al (2003) in the original study of the Pursue-Evade game, but atypical for other studies which often find negative serial correlation. Table 3 presents a similar data summary for the individual subjects of the Gamble-Safe treatment.…”

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confidence: 89%

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A Hidden Markov Model for the Detection of Pure and Mixed Strategy Play in Games

2014

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractWe propose a statistical model to assess whether individuals strategically use mixed strategies in repeated games. We formulate a hidden Markov model in which the latent state space contains both pure and mixed strategies, and allows switching between these states. We apply the model to data from an experiment in which human subjects repeatedly play a normal form game against a computer that always follows its part of the unique mixed strategy Nash equilibrium profile. Estimated results show significant mixed strategy play and non-stationary dynamics. We also explore the ability of the model to forecast action choice.

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confidence: 89%

“…Our first game is a zero-sum asymmetric matching pennies game introduced by Rosenthal et al (2003). The normal form representation of this game is presented on the left side of Figure 1.…”

Section: The Gamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hidden Markov Model for the Detection of Pure and Mixed Strategy Play in Games

2014

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“…Hide and Seek is a 2x2 matrix game taken from Rosenthal et al (2003); Four-Card Barry is a 4x4 matrix game developed by O'Neill (1987).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Happens in the Field Stays in the Field: Exploring Whether Professionals Play Minimax in Laboratory Experiments

2010

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The minimax argument represents game theory in its most elegant form: simple but with stark predictions. Although some of these predictions have been met with reasonable success in the field, experimental data have generally not provided results close to the theoretical predictions. In a striking study, Palacios-Huerta and Volij (2007) present evidence that potentially resolves this puzzle: both amateur and professional soccer players play nearly exact minimax strategies in laboratory experiments. In this paper, we establish important bounds on these results by examining the behavior of four distinct subject pools: college students, bridge professionals, world-class poker players, who have vast experience with high-stakes randomization in card games, and American professional soccer players. In contrast to Palacios-Huerta and Volij's results, we find little evidence that real-world experience transfers to the lab in these games-indeed, similar to previous experimental results, all four subject pools provide choices that are generally not close to minimax predictions. We use two additional pieces of evidence to explore why professionals do not perform well in the lab: (1) complementary experimental treatments that pit professionals against preprogrammed computers, and (2) post-experiment questionnaires. The most likely explanation is that these professionals are unable to transfer their skills at randomization from the familiar context of the field to the unfamiliar context of the lab.

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“…This is the consensus of laboratory and field tests of the repeated play of fixed pairs from populations such as college students (O'Neill, 1987;Rosenthal et al, 2003), professional athletes (Walker and Wooders, 2001; Levitt et al, 2010), experienced poker players (Van Essen and Wooders, 2013), human teams (Okano, 2013), people with schizophrenia (Baek et al, 2013), and primates (Martin et al, 2014). We replicate the O'Neill and Rosenthal et al (hereafter, RSW) studies using students from a middle school in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents, cognitive ability, and minimax play

et al. 2015

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Abstract: We conduct experiments with adolescent participants on repeated fixed play in three different zero-sum games which have mixed strategy minimax solutions. Further, we collect subject information on cognitive abilities and participation rates in competitive activities. We find the adolescents' correspondences with and deviations from minimax play largely consistent with previously and widely studied adult populations. Further, we find strategic sophistication in terms of implementation of the mixed minimax strategy as well as earnings are not correlated with cognitive ability nor experience in competitive situations.

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Hide and seek in Arizona

Abstract: Mixed strategy, Minimax, Experiment,

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

A Hidden Markov Model for the Detection of Pure and Mixed Strategy Play in Games

A Hidden Markov Model for the Detection of Pure and Mixed Strategy Play in Games

What Happens in the Field Stays in the Field: Exploring Whether Professionals Play Minimax in Laboratory Experiments

Adolescents, cognitive ability, and minimax play

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