Hidrox® Counteracts Cyclophosphamide-Induced Male Infertility through NRF2 Pathways in a Mouse Model

Abstract

Background: Every year, men use cyclophosphamide to treat various cancers and autoimmune diseases. On the one hand, this chemotherapy often has the beneficial effect of regressing the tumor, but on the other hand, it leads to infertility due to excessive oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testes caused by its metabolite, acrolein. Methods: The objective of this study was to evaluate the beneficial power of a new compound called Hidrox®, containing 40–50% hydroxytyrosol, in counteracting the damage related to fertility induced by cyclophosphamide. The study was conducted using a single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w, in distilled water at 10 mL/kg b.w. The treatment was administered via the oral administration of Hidrox® at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Results: Our study confirms that the use of cyclophosphamide causes a series of sperm and histological alterations strongly connected with oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate for the first time that Hidrox® protects testes from CYP-induced alterations by the modulation of physiological antioxidant defenses.

Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Experimental Model of Fibromyalgia: Role of Hidrox®

“…Much evidence supports the role of oxidative stress in the progress of FM [5,49]. Hidrox ® is known to influence the promotion of the transcription of genes downstream of Nrf2 activation [22]. Nrf2 represents a key regulator of cellular antioxidant response [50,51].…”

“…In particular, one of the main components of the Mediterranean diet is olive oil, and the main phytochemical contained in it is hydroxytyrosol (HT) [19]. Hydrox ® (HD), which contains 40-50% HT, has been described as a free-radical scavenger and an antioxidant with important antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties [20][21][22][23][24]. Due to the biological properties of HT and its safety profile [25], the focus of our study was to investigate whether HD was able to modulate nociception, microglia activation, and oxidative stress, using an FM-like model induced by reserpine injections.…”

Protective Effects of Sesamin on Cytoxan-Induced Spermatogenesis Dysfunction by Regulating RNF8-ubH2A/ubH2B Pathways in Male Mice

“…Sesamin commonly induces hormetic dose responses in numerous biological models as endpoints of biomedical and clinical relevance. For example, sesamin can prevent neurodegeneration related to the accumulation of oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2-ARE pathway ( Fusco et al, 2021 ; Le and Inoue, 2021 ). The Nrf2-ARE axis plays a key role as an important signal to protect cells from endogenous and exogenous oxidative stress ( de Freitas Silva et al, 2018 ).…”

Unravelling the Protective Effects of Emodin Against Cyclophosphamide Induced Gonadotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats

“… 15 , 16 Therefore, their potential as preventive agents against chemotherapy-induced toxicities cannot be over emphasised. 17 Emodin (EMD) is a bioactive naturally occurring anthraquinone found in several plant and fungal species, and it has been reported to have several biological properties including antineoplastic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and anti-angiogenic properties. 18 Previous studies have reported the protective properties of emodin against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, while another study suggested that emodin showed hepatoprotective effects against CCl 4 -induced hepatic injury in rats via antioxidant effects.…”