Hierarchical Assembly of Nanocellulose‐Based Filaments by Interfacial Complexation

Abstract

In the present study, interfacial complexation spinning of oppositely charged cellulose-materials is applied to fabricate hierarchical and continuous nanocellulose based filaments under aqueous conditions by using cationic cellulose nanocrystals with different anionic celluloses including soluble sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and insoluble 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy radical-oxidized cellulose nanofibers and dicarboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (DC-CNC). The morphologies of the wet and dry nanocellulose based filaments are further investigated by optical and electron microscopy. All fabricated continuous nanocellulose based filaments display a hierarchical structure similar to the natural cellulose fibers in plant cells. As far as it is known, this is not only the first report about the fabrication of nanocellulose based filaments by interfacial complexation of cationic CNCs with anionic celluloses but also the first demonstration of fabricating continuous fibers directly from oppositely charged nanoparticles by interfacial nanoparticle complexation (INC). This INC approach may provide a new route to design continuous filaments from many other oppositely charged nanoparticles with tailored characteristics.

Nanochitins of Varying Aspect Ratio and Properties of Microfibers Produced by Interfacial Complexation with Seaweed Alginate

“…7,[9][10][11][35][36][37][38] Moreover, there was evidence of a hierarchical structure, as found in previous works. [9][10][11]14 Therein, the components are organized by sub-units wherein macromolecules bind during the complexation as "nucleation sites" and spread closely to the interfaces. The nucleation sites grow to form several fibrous units and pack together during the drawing process, forming submicron fibrils (microfibrils), which are align parallel and merge along the length, giving rise to the thread itself.…”

Biofabrication of natural hydrogels for cardiac, neural, and bone Tissue engineering Applications

“…Interfacial complexation consists of fabricating fibers at the interface of two oppositely charged polyelectrolyte solutions through polyion complex (PIC) formation [ 58 , 59 ]. Forceps or a bent needle were used to fabricate fibers, of 10–20 μm diameters with a range of tensile strength of 20–200 MPa, by drawing upwards the contact interface of two oppositely charged polyelectrolyte droplets placed in close proximity [ 60 ].…”

Transparent lignin-containing wood nanofiber films with UV-blocking, oxygen barrier, and anti-microbial properties

“…However, the strong electrostatic adhesion of CWNFs to surfaces could be used in coatings or in the fabrication of materials with interfacial nanoparticle complexation. 81 Antimicrobial properties of the cationic wood nanober lms Food spoilage due to microbial growth causes serious health and safety issues due to toxicity. To improve the quality, safety, and shelf life of food products, developing active packaging materials capable of reducing the growth of food pathogens is a possible solution.…”