Hierarchical COK-X Materials for Applications in Catalysis and Adsorptive Separation and Controlled Release

Abstract

Over the years, COK has developed a family of silicate materials and metal–organic framework hybrids with hierarchical porosity and functionality, coined zeogrids, zeotiles, and COK-x (stemming from the Flemish name of the laboratory “Centrum voor Oppervlaktechemie en Katalyse”). Several of these materials have unique features relevant to heterogeneous catalysis, molecular separation, and controlled release and found applications in the field of green chemistry, environmental protection, and pharmaceutical formulation. Discovery of a new material typically occurs by serendipity, but the research was always guided by hypothesis. This review provides insight in the process of tuning initial research hypotheses to match material properties to specific applications. This review describes the synthesis, structure, properties, and applications of 12 different materials. Some have simple synthesis protocols, facilitating upscaling and reproduction and rendering them attractive also in this respect.

Synthesis and properties of COK‐12 large‐pore mesocellular silica foam

“…Their properties make them interesting for a wide range of applications, such as catalysis, water and air treatment, sensor engineering, and drug delivery. [ 1–5 ] While MCM‐41 and SBA‐15 remain the most prevalent OMSs, COK‐12 has appeared as a promising alternative to SBA‐15 materials owing to its more environmentally friendly room‐temperature synthesis at quasi‐neutral pH, its scalability, and its use of an inexpensive silica source. [ 6–8 ] COK‐12's representative static aging at room temperature, requiring no energy input, and advancements in the reduction of the calcination time facilitate low energy requirements.…”

Hierarchically porous and mechanically stable monoliths from ordered mesoporous silica and their water filtration potential

“…Ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) materials are commonly used as nano-sized powders, which are usually obtained directly from synthesis. 1,2 While OMS nanoparticles (NPs) are suitable for many applications such as (surface functionalized) adsorbents and supports for (photo)catalytic and drug delivery systems, 3–6 several drawbacks constrain their application. Firstly, NP handling requires extensive safety precautions to avoid dust inhalation and associated hazards, hampering large-scale industrial usage.…”