Hierarchical coordination strategy for three‐phase MV and LV distribution networks with high‐penetration residential PV units

Tang, Wei; Cai, Yici; Lu, Zhengding; Zhang, Bo; Wang, Zhaoqi; Fu, Yu; Xiao, Xiaobing

doi:10.1049/iet-rpg.2020.0866

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The LVDN topology under study is modified from [29], shown previously as Fig. 2(a), where the distribution area of DT1 consists of three lines, marked as Line-1, Line-2 and Line-3, respectively.…”

Section: A Case Study 1: Advantages Of DC Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EV Integration-Oriented DC Conversion of AC Low-Voltage Distribution Networks and the Associated Adaptive Control Strategy

Zhang

Tang

Liang

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrific.

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Driven by carbon-neutral targets and transportation electrification, the widespread use of electric vehicles (EVs) has become an irreversible trend. However, low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs) can face several challenges under the high-penetration EV integration, including overloads, voltage violations and unbalance issues. In this paper, an EV integration-oriented DC conversion scheme and the associated adaptive control method for LVDNs is proposed, aiming at releasing more capacity for EVs and collaborative improvement of the above issues caused by EV charging. Based on analyzing the influence of different charging piles connected to the AC and DC LVDNs, a DC conversion scheme for threephase four-wire LVDNs under high-penetration EVs is proposed. The voltage source converter (VSC) control strategies aimed at alleviating the overload of the DTs, voltage violations, and three-phase unbalance are designed separately based on the modified three-phase four-wire voltage sensitivity. Then, a coordinated adaptive control strategy of on-load tap changer and VSCs is proposed considering the simultaneous occurrence of multiple power quality issues in hybrid AC/DC LVDNs. Case study verifies the effectiveness of the proposed DC conversion and adaptive control methods, by which the maximum EV penetration of the hybrid AC/DC LVDN is increased from 85% to 215% compared with the AC LVDN.

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Section: A Case Study 1: Advantages Of DC Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EV Integration-Oriented DC Conversion of AC Low-Voltage Distribution Networks and the Associated Adaptive Control Strategy

Zhang

Tang

Liang

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrific.

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show abstract

“…At the lower level, the three-phase power of the interconnection VSCs is optimized to minimize the three-phase unbalanced degree. The unbalanced degree of the LVDNs is expressed as the sum of the voltage unbalanced factors (VUFs) of all nodes, where the VUF of node i can be calculated according to the three-phase average voltage of the node [29], [30], as shown in ( 16) and (17).…”

Section: B Lower-level Optimization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Planning of Hybrid AC/DC Low-voltage Distribution Networks Considering DC Conversion of Three-phase Four-wire Low-voltage AC Systems

Zhang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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The increasing integration of distributed household photovoltaics (PVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) may further aggravate voltage violations and unbalance of low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs). DC distribution networks can increase the accommodation of PVs and EVs and mitigate mutilple power quality problems by the flexible power regulation capability of voltage source converters. This paper proposes schemes to establish hybrid AC/DC LVDNs considering the conversion of the existing three-phase four-wire low-voltage AC systems to DC operation. The characteristics and DC conversion constraints of typical LVDNs are analyzed. In addition, converter configurations for typical LVDNs are proposed based on the three-phase four-wire characteristics and quantitative analysis of various DC configurations. Moreover, an optimal planning method of hybrid AC/DC LVDNs is proposed, which is modeled as a bilevel programming model considering the annual investments and three-phase unbalance. Simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimal planning method. Simulation results show that the proposed optimal planning method can increase the integration of PVs while simultaneously reducing issues related to voltage violation and unbalance.

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“…Technical issues jeopardizing the whole grid operation can be coped with using hierarchical approaches, which have proven to properly deal with new challenges in modern distribution systems [5]. For instance, the authors in [6] propose a MV/LV hierarchical coordination to mitigate issues associated with voltage violations and unbalance and rapid power fluctuations, caused by high penetrations of residential photovoltaic units.…”

Section: A Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Optimization for User-Satisfaction-Driven Electric Vehicles Charging Coordination in Integrated MV/LV Networks

Arias

Sabillon

Quirós-Tortós

et al. 2023

IEEE Systems Journal

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The growing uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) will likely require management schemes to enable their connection into distribution systems. While most of the existing approaches are developed from the operator's perspective considering EV aggregated demands at the medium-voltage (MV) level, individual users' comfort and the particularities associated with low-voltage (LV) networks need to be considered to holistically assess the EV effects in an integrated MV/LV network. This article proposes a two-level hierarchical optimization framework for the EV charging coordination (EVCC) that maximizes users' satisfaction, while avoiding operational grid issues in the whole distribution system. The framework is tailored for unbalanced distribution systems with high penetration of EVs and introduces a novel index to measure charging priority-based EV user satisfaction. To reduce the computational burden, the EVCC problem is disaggregated into an upper level for MV network operation, and a lower level for LV network and individual EV scheduling, using mixed-integer linear programming models. This framework is later embedded in a dynamic scheduling approach that copes with unexpected EV arrivals. Benefits (increased overall user satisfaction and reduced strain over distribution assets) are demonstrated via case studies in a 459-node three-phase network in which solutions were achieved under a 60-s threshold.

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Hierarchical coordination strategy for three‐phase MV and LV distribution networks with high‐penetration residential PV units

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

EV Integration-Oriented DC Conversion of AC Low-Voltage Distribution Networks and the Associated Adaptive Control Strategy

EV Integration-Oriented DC Conversion of AC Low-Voltage Distribution Networks and the Associated Adaptive Control Strategy

Optimal Planning of Hybrid AC/DC Low-voltage Distribution Networks Considering DC Conversion of Three-phase Four-wire Low-voltage AC Systems

Hierarchical Optimization for User-Satisfaction-Driven Electric Vehicles Charging Coordination in Integrated MV/LV Networks

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